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NAME

     O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends



SYNOPSIS
             perl -MO=Backend[,OPTIONS] foo.pl




DESCRIPTION
     This is the module that is used as a frontend to the Perl
     Compiler.



CONVENTIONS
     Most compiler backends use the following conventions:
     OPTIONS consists of a comma-separated list of words (no
     white-space).  The `-v' option usually puts the backend into
     verbose mode.  The `-ofile' option generates output to file
     instead of stdout. The `-D' option followed by various
     letters turns on various internal debugging flags. See the
     documentation for the desired backend (named `B::Backend'
     for the example above) to find out about that backend.



IMPLEMENTATION
     This section is only necessary for those who want to write a
     compiler backend module that can be used via this module.

     The command-line mentioned in the SYNOPSIS section
     corresponds to the Perl code

         use O ("Backend", OPTIONS);

     The `import' function which that calls loads in the
     appropriate `B::Backend' module and calls the `compile'
     function in that package, passing it OPTIONS. That function
     is expected to return a sub reference which we'll call
     CALLBACK. Next, the "compile-only" flag is switched on
     (equivalent to the command-line option `-c') and a CHECK
     block is registered which calls CALLBACK. Thus the main Perl
     program mentioned on the command-line is read in, parsed and
     compiled into internal syntax tree form. Since the `-c' flag
     is set, the program does not start running (excepting BEGIN
     blocks of course) but the CALLBACK function registered by
     the compiler backend is called.

     In summary, a compiler backend module should be called
     "B::Foo" for some foo and live in the appropriate directory
     for that name.  It should define a function called
     `compile'. When the user types

         perl -MO=Foo,OPTIONS foo.pl

     that function is called and is passed those OPTIONS (split
     on commas). It should return a sub ref to the main
     compilation function.  After the user's program is loaded
     and parsed, that returned sub ref is invoked which can then
     go ahead and do the compilation, usually by making use of
     the `B' module's functionality.



AUTHOR
     Malcolm Beattie, `mbeattie@sable.ox.ac.uk'









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