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NAME

     perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.



SYNOPSIS
         PerlIO *PerlIO_stdin(void);
         PerlIO *PerlIO_stdout(void);
         PerlIO *PerlIO_stderr(void);

         PerlIO *PerlIO_open(const char *,const char *);
         int     PerlIO_close(PerlIO *);

         int     PerlIO_stdoutf(const char *,...)
         int     PerlIO_puts(PerlIO *,const char *);
         int     PerlIO_putc(PerlIO *,int);
         int     PerlIO_write(PerlIO *,const void *,size_t);
         int     PerlIO_printf(PerlIO *, const char *,...);
         int     PerlIO_vprintf(PerlIO *, const char *, va_list);
         int     PerlIO_flush(PerlIO *);

         int     PerlIO_eof(PerlIO *);
         int     PerlIO_error(PerlIO *);
         void    PerlIO_clearerr(PerlIO *);

         int     PerlIO_getc(PerlIO *);
         int     PerlIO_ungetc(PerlIO *,int);
         int     PerlIO_read(PerlIO *,void *,size_t);

         int     PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO *);
         PerlIO *PerlIO_fdopen(int, const char *);
         PerlIO *PerlIO_importFILE(FILE *, int flags);
         FILE   *PerlIO_exportFILE(PerlIO *, int flags);
         FILE   *PerlIO_findFILE(PerlIO *);
         void    PerlIO_releaseFILE(PerlIO *,FILE *);

         void    PerlIO_setlinebuf(PerlIO *);

         long    PerlIO_tell(PerlIO *);
         int     PerlIO_seek(PerlIO *,off_t,int);
         int     PerlIO_getpos(PerlIO *,Fpos_t *)
         int     PerlIO_setpos(PerlIO *,Fpos_t *)
         void    PerlIO_rewind(PerlIO *);

         int     PerlIO_has_base(PerlIO *);
         int     PerlIO_has_cntptr(PerlIO *);
         int     PerlIO_fast_gets(PerlIO *);
         int     PerlIO_canset_cnt(PerlIO *);



         char   *PerlIO_get_ptr(PerlIO *);
         int     PerlIO_get_cnt(PerlIO *);
         void    PerlIO_set_cnt(PerlIO *,int);
         void    PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(PerlIO *,char *,int);
         char   *PerlIO_get_base(PerlIO *);
         int     PerlIO_get_bufsiz(PerlIO *);




DESCRIPTION
     Perl's source code should use the above functions instead of
     those defined in ANSI C's stdio.h.  The perl headers will
     `#define' them to the I/O mechanism selected at Configure
     time.

     The functions are modeled on those in stdio.h, but parameter
     order has been "tidied up a little".

     PerlIO *
         This takes the place of FILE *. Like FILE * it should be
         treated as opaque (it is probably safe to assume it is a
         pointer to something).

     PPeerrllIIOO_ssttddiinn(()), PPeerrllIIOO_ssttddoouutt(()), PPeerrllIIOO_ssttddeerrrr(())
         Use these rather than `stdin', `stdout', `stderr'. They
         are written to look like "function calls" rather than
         variables because this makes it easier to make them
         function calls if platform cannot export data to loaded
         modules, or if (say) different "threads" might have
         different values.

     PerlIO_open(path, mode), PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode)
         These correspond to fopen()/fdopen() arguments are the
         same.

     PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...), PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a)
         These are fprintf()/vfprintf() equivalents.

     PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...)
         This is printf() equivalent. printf is #defined to this
         function, so it is (currently) legal to use
         `printf(fmt,...)' in perl sources.

     PerlIO_read(f,buf,count), PerlIO_write(f,buf,count)
         These correspond to fread() and fwrite(). Note that
         arguments are different, there is only one "count" and
         order has "file" first.

     PPeerrllIIOO_cclloossee(f)

     PerlIO_puts(f,s), PerlIO_putc(f,c)
         These correspond to fputs() and fputc().  Note that
         arguments have been revised to have "file" first.

     PerlIO_ungetc(f,c)
         This corresponds to ungetc().  Note that arguments have
         been revised to have "file" first.

     PPeerrllIIOO_ggeettcc(f)
         This corresponds to getc().

     PPeerrllIIOO_eeooff(f)
         This corresponds to feof().

     PPeerrllIIOO_eerrrroorr(f)
         This corresponds to ferror().

     PPeerrllIIOO_ffiilleennoo(f)
         This corresponds to fileno(), note that on some
         platforms, the meaning of "fileno" may not match Unix.

     PPeerrllIIOO_cclleeaarreerrrr(f)
         This corresponds to clearerr(), i.e., clears 'eof' and
         'error' flags for the "stream".

     PPeerrllIIOO_fflluusshh(f)
         This corresponds to fflush().

     PPeerrllIIOO_tteellll(f)
         This corresponds to ftell().

     PerlIO_seek(f,o,w)
         This corresponds to fseek().

     PerlIO_getpos(f,p), PerlIO_setpos(f,p)
         These correspond to fgetpos() and fsetpos(). If platform
         does not have the stdio calls then they are implemented
         in terms of PerlIO_tell() and PerlIO_seek().

     PPeerrllIIOO_rreewwiinndd(f)
         This corresponds to rewind(). Note may be redefined in
         terms of PerlIO_seek() at some point.

     PPeerrllIIOO_ttmmppffiillee(())
         This corresponds to tmpfile(), i.e., returns an
         anonymous PerlIO which will automatically be deleted
         when closed.

     Co-existence with stdio

     There is outline support for co-existence of PerlIO with
     stdio.  Obviously if PerlIO is implemented in terms of stdio
     there is no problem. However if perlio is implemented on top
     of (say) sfio then mechanisms must exist to create a FILE *
     which can be passed to library code which is going to use
     stdio calls.
     PerlIO_importFILE(f,flags)
         Used to get a PerlIO * from a FILE *.  May need
         additional arguments, interface under review.

     PerlIO_exportFILE(f,flags)
         Given an PerlIO * return a 'native' FILE * suitable for
         passing to code expecting to be compiled and linked with
         ANSI C stdio.h.

         The fact that such a FILE * has been 'exported' is
         recorded, and may affect future PerlIO operations on the
         original PerlIO *.

     PPeerrllIIOO_ffiinnddFFIILLEE(f)
         Returns previously 'exported' FILE * (if any).  Place
         holder until interface is fully defined.

     PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f)
         Calling PerlIO_releaseFILE informs PerlIO that all use
         of FILE * is complete. It is removed from list of
         'exported' FILE *s, and associated PerlIO * should
         revert to original behaviour.

     PPeerrllIIOO_sseettlliinneebbuuff(f)
         This corresponds to setlinebuf(). Use is deprecated
         pending further discussion. (Perl core uses it only when
         "dumping"; it has nothing to do with $| auto-flush.)

     In addition to user API above there is an "implementation"
     interface which allows perl to get at internals of PerlIO.
     The following calls correspond to the various FILE_xxx
     macros determined by Configure. This section is really of
     interest to only those concerned with detailed perl-core
     behaviour or implementing a PerlIO mapping.

     PPeerrllIIOO_hhaass_ccnnttppttrr(f)
         Implementation can return pointer to current position in
         the "buffer" and a count of bytes available in the
         buffer.

     PPeerrllIIOO_ggeett_ppttrr(f)
         Return pointer to next readable byte in buffer.

     PPeerrllIIOO_ggeett_ccnntt(f)
         Return count of readable bytes in the buffer.

     PPeerrllIIOO_ccaannsseett_ccnntt(f)
         Implementation can adjust its idea of number of bytes in
         the buffer.

     PPeerrllIIOO_ffaasstt_ggeettss(f)
         Implementation has all the interfaces required to allow
         perl's fast code to handle <FILE> mechanism.

           PerlIO_fast_gets(f) = PerlIO_has_cntptr(f) && \
                                 PerlIO_canset_cnt(f) && \
                                 `Can set pointer into buffer'


     PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c)
         Set pointer into buffer, and a count of bytes still in
         the buffer. Should be used only to set pointer to within
         range implied by previous calls to `PerlIO_get_ptr' and
         `PerlIO_get_cnt'.

     PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c)
         Obscure - set count of bytes in the buffer. Deprecated.
         Currently used in only doio.c to force count < -1 to -1.
         Perhaps should be PerlIO_set_empty or similar.  This
         call may actually do nothing if "count" is deduced from
         pointer and a "limit".

     PPeerrllIIOO_hhaass_bbaassee(f)
         Implementation has a buffer, and can return pointer to
         whole buffer and its size. Used by perl for -T / -B
         tests.  Other uses would be very obscure...

     PPeerrllIIOO_ggeett_bbaassee(f)
         Return start of buffer.

     PPeerrllIIOO_ggeett_bbuuffssiizz(f)
         Return total size of buffer.









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