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NAME
mpage - print multiple pages per sheet on PostScript printer
SYNOPSIS
mpage [-1248aAcEfHloOrRStUvxX] [-b papersize]
[-B[num[lrtb]*] [-C [encoding]] [-da|p] [-D dateformat]
[-F fontname] [-h header] [-j first[-last][%interval]]
[-L lines] [-m[num[lrtb]*] [-M[num[lrtb]*] [-p[prprog]]
[-P[printer]] [-s tabstop] [-W width] [-z printcmd]
[-Z printcmd_args] [file...]]
DESCRIPTION
mpage reads plain text files or PostScript documents and
prints them on a PostScript printer with the text reduced in
size so that several pages appear on one sheet of paper.
This is useful for viewing large printouts on a small amount
of paper. It uses ISO 8859.1 to print 8-bit characters.
The following options are recognized (note that arguments to
options may be separated from the option by spaces, except
for -B, -m, -M, -p and -P):
-1 Print 1 normal page per sheet (included for symmetry).
-2 Print 2 normal pages per sheet.
-4 Print 4 normal pages per sheet (default).
-8 Print 8 normal pages per sheet.
-a Toggle layout of the pages on the sheet so that succes-
sively numbered pages run down the sheet, as opposed to
left to right. (default updown) .
-A This option is deprecated, see -b. Prepare output for
European A4 sized paper. For default see 'mpage -x'.
-bpapertype
Prepare output for selected paper type. Papersize can
be A3 for European A3, A4 for European A4, Letter for
US Letter or Legal for Legal sized paper. For default
see 'mpage -x'. To see the list of currently available
types, just give the 'mpage -bl' or 'mpage -b?' command
(Note: mpage exits after finding such option use.)
-B[<num>[lrtb]*]
Setup a box around a particular part of your page.
Specify text box margins and line thickness. The
default is 0 columns (lines) for both left and right
(top and bottom) margins and 0 line thickness. Speci-
fying -B solely toggles printing of the box. l, r, t or
b set the left, right, top or bottom margin respec-
tively to <num> columns (lines). Not specifying any of
the sides, will set the line thickness when <num> is
given. For example -B1 sets the line thickness to 1.
Sides with negative margins will not print.
-c Toggle concatenation off pages from different files on
single sheets (default off).
-C[encodingfile]
Specify the character encoding file. The file should
be in the mpage library directory
(/usr/local/lib/mpage). Mpage has an internal default
encoding based on Latin-1 or IBM codepage 850. Depend-
ing on compile time option this encoding definition is
on or not. Not specifying an encodingfile will toggle
the usage of the internal encoding.
-da|p
Force input to be taken as ascii (a) or postscript (p)
text. This way you can print your postscript code as
text, or print postscript code that mpage does not
recognise. When using -dp, make sure that the the
postscript code contains %Page page separators or else
things will probably look odd.
-Ddateformat
Set the date format as in strftime(3) to be used in
date/time representations (e.g. in headers).
-E Print 2 normal pages per sheet. However, this option
will print every second and third page of every set of
four pages. This option will ignore -a and -l.
-f Toggles folding lines longer than page width (default
off) .
-Ffontname
Specify font. (default Courier).
-hheader
This is used only when the -p or -H switch is used and
is passed as the "-h header" option to pr(1) or as the
header for -H.
-H Create header line for each logical page separated from
page text by a horizontal line. Unless -h is given, the
header consist of last file changetime, filename and
page number, all in bold and slightly larger font.
This option only applies to non-postscript files.
-Iindent
Indent text by indent characters.
-jfirst[-last][%interval]
Print just the selected sheets, specified by number,
starting at 1. Here last defaults to the end of data,
interval to 1. Thus -j1-10 selects the first 10
sheets, while -j 1%2 prints just the odd-numbered
sheets and -j 2%2 prints just the even ones.
You can do double-sided printing, in two passes, as
follows. If you use 3-hole punched paper, put it in
the printer such that the holes will appear at the top
of the page -- on the right as you pull out the printer
tray, in our Laser writer II NTX. Print the odd-
numbered sheets with
mpage ... -j 1%2 ...
Note the number of pages it reports. (Only half this
many will really be printed). When printing finishes,
if mpage reported an odd number of pages, remove the
last one from the stack, since there will be no even-
numbered sheet to match it. Then arrange the stack of
paper for printing on the other side. (If it's
punched, the holes will now be on the left.) On our II
NTX, the paper comes out blank-side up; replace it in
the tray still blank-side up but rotated 180 degrees.
For other printers, you figure it out. Now print the
even-numbered sheets in reverse order with
mpage ... -r -j 2%2 ...
hoping no one else reaches the printer before you do.
-k When mapge finds a %%TRailer or %%PSTrailer in the
postscript input file it normally assumes this is the
end of the postscript file and stops reading the input
file. But when the PS file includes EPS files,
%%Trailers might be anywhere. Using this option ignores
the %%TRailer and %%PSTRailer lines.
-l Toggle printing landscape or portrait mode. Landscape
pages are 55 lines long by 132 characters wide by
default. Portrait pages are 66 lines long by 80 charac-
ters wide by default. (default portrait.)
-Llines
Adjust the page reduction parameters so that lines
lines will fit in the space of one page. This over-
rides the default values normally supplied. (See -l.)
If used in conjunction with -p then this value is
passed to the pr(1) as well. As a side effect this
changes the font size as well (as will the -W option.)
So while there is an option to change font family,
there is no explicit option to change font size!
-m[<num>[lrtb]*]
Specify sheet margin. The default margin is 20 points.
Only specifying -m sets left margin to 40 points. l, r,
t or b set left, right, top or bottom margin respec-
tively to <num> points. Not specifying any of the
sides will set all sides when <num> is given. <num>
defaults to 40 points. For example -m10 sets all mar-
gins to 10 points. -ml50tb sets left margin to default
40 and top and bottom margin to 50 points. -
m50l25bt30r set bottom and top margin to 25, left mar-
gin to 50 and right margin to 30 points. Margins can
have negative numbers. Very large values have funny
effects. This is left as an exercise to the user.
-M[<num>[lrtb]*]
Specify logical page margins. For syntax, see -m
option. Defaults are 4 for -M solely, and 8 for <num>.
Margins can be negative. This way large white borders
in your (postscript) documents can be reduced. Very
large values have funny effects. This is left as an
exercise to the user.
-o Toggle printing of outlines around each reduced page
(default on).
-O Print 2 normal pages per sheet. However, this option
will print every first and forth page of every set of
four pages. This option will ignore -a and -l.
-p[prprog]
Pipe input through prprog command (including specified
options) before printing (assumes the input is a text
file). When no command is specified, it defaults to
pr(1).
-P[printer]
Specify the printer to which the PostScript output will
be sent (e.g.lpr -Pprinter). Using -P with no printer
specified will send the PostScript to the default
printer queue (e.g. lpr). Using -P- will return output
to stdout, useful in combination with MPAGE environment
variable. Without -P output will be send to standard
output.
-r Reverse printing. The last sheet is printed first.
The way of arranging reduced pages on the sheets
doesn't change.
-R Switch to left to right mode, starting first page on
left bottom corner. This might be useful for landscape
postscript files. (Note: using -l after -R undoes -R,
and switches to normal landscape mode.
-stabstop
Set tabstop width (default 8 characters). Should by >=
2.
-S Accept non-square page reduction. By default, pages
are shrunk equally in X and Y, even if this wastes some
space on the sheet. With -S, reduced pages are larger
but slightly distorted. (only used when printing
postscript files.)
-t Toggle printing on both sides of the paper. This will
toggle duplex mode of the printer. Use this option
only if your printer is capable of printing in duplex
mode. (default off).
-T Toggle tumble of every second pages when printing in
duplex mode. Use this option only if your printer is
capable of printing in duplex mode and together with -
t.
-U This option is deprecated, see -b. Prepare output for
US Letter sized paper. For default see 'mpage -x'.
-v Toggle printing a count of the number of sheets pro-
duced for printing (default off.)
-Wwidth
Adjust the page reduction parameters so that a line
with width characters long will fit in the space of one
page. This overrides the default values normally sup-
plied. (See -l.) If used in conjunction with -p then
this value is passed to the s pr(1) program as well.
See also the -L option on font sizes.
-x Force usage display, which also shows current defaults.
-X [header]
Print header centered on each physical page (sheet).
If no header is given, the default is the current
filename (note -c) on the left and the page number on
the right.
-zprintcommand
Specify command to use to send output to. Default is
lpr (1) for BSD style spooler, lp (1) for SYSV style
spooler. You can specify command line options, but
note -Z. For example -zlp for system V Unix.
-Zprintprog_queuename_arg
Specify what option to use for the "-z printcommand" to
specify a printqueue. For example -zlp -Z-d for system
V Unix. Default is -P for BSD style spooler, -d for
SYSV style spooler.
ENVIRONMENT
mpage examines the PRINTER (or LPDEST for SYSV style
spooler) environment variable to override its default
printer.
The MPAGE_LIB environment variable can be used to control
where the character encoding files (-C) can be found.
mpage also examines the MPAGE environment variable for
default option settings. Any option or combination of
options can be specified in the MPAGE environment variable.
For example, if MPAGE is set to the string:
-2oPqms -L60
it would (in the absence of other command line arguments)
print 2 pages per sheet, 60 lines per page, with outlines,
on the printer named qms (overriding the PRINTER/LPDEST
environment variable, if it exists.) In the environment
variable, white space is used as an option delimiter, and no
quoting is recognized.
Any command line options will override both the PRINTER and
MPAGE environment variables.
FILES
/usr/tmp/mpageXXXXXX
/usr/local/lib/mpage
BUGS
Suffers under the burden of far too many switches. (But you
wanted the choices!)
NULL characters in a postscript input file will cause mpage
to crash!
Many others, w're sure.
Mpage is year 2000 compliant, as long as the underlying
operating system is!!!
VERSION
Version 2.5.1 pre, Released March 1998.
Location:
http://www.mesa.nl/pub/mpage
ftp://ftp.mesa.nl/pub/mpage
AUTHORS
Marcel Mol <marcel@mesa.nl> (current maintainer).
Mark P. Hahn (Original author)
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