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lpadmin - configure the LP print service
lpadmin -p printer {options}
lpadmin -x dest
lpadmin -d [dest]
lpadmin -S print-wheel -T [-A alert-type] [-W minutes]
[-Q requests]
lpadmin configures the LP print service by defining printers and devices. It is used to add and change printers, to remove printers from service, to set or change the system default destination, to define alerts for printer faults, and to mount print wheels.
The lpadmin command has options for:
The options for each of the above categories are specified in the following subsections.
Several options support the use of lists. A list might contain, for example, user names, printers, printer forms, or content types. A list of multiple items can have the form of either comma-separated names or have the entire list enclosed by double quotes with a space between each name. For example, both lists below are acceptable:
one,two,three "one two three"
The first form of the lpadmin command (lpadmin -p printer {options}) configures a new printer or changes the configuration of an existing printer. It also starts the print scheduler.
When creating a new printer, one of three options (-v, -U, or -s) must be supplied. In addition, only one of the following can be supplied: -e, -i, or -m; if none of these three options is supplied, the model standard is used. The -h and -l options are mutually exclusive. Printer and class names must be no longer than 14 characters and must consist entirely of the characters A-Z, a-z, 0-9, dash (-) and underscore (_). If -s is specified, the following options are invalid: -A, -e, -F, -h, -i, -l, -M, -m, -o, -U, -v, and -W.
The following options can appear in any order.
-A alert-type [-W minutes]
write
quiet
showfault
none
shell-command
list
When a fault occurs, the printing subsystem displays a message indicating that printing for a specified printer has stopped and the reason for the stoppage. The message also indicates that printing will restart in a few minutes and that you can enter an enable command if you want to restart sooner than that.
Following a fault that occurs in the middle of a print job, the job is reprinted from the beginning. An exception to this occurs when you enter a command, such as the one shown below, that changes the page list to be printed.
% lp -i request-id -P ...
For a given print request, the presence of multiple reasons for failure indicate multiple attempts at printing.
The LP print service can detect printer faults only through an adequate fast filter and only when the standard interface program or a suitable customized interface program is used. Furthermore, the level of recovery after a fault depends on the capabilities of the filter.
If, instead of a single printer, the keyword all is displayed in an alert, the alert applies to all printers.
If the -W option is not used to arrange fault alerting for printer, the default procedure is to mail one message to the administrator of printer per fault. This is equivalent to specifying -W once or -W 0. If minutes is a number greater than zero, an alert is sent at intervals specified by minutes.
-c class
-D comment
-e printer
-f allow:form-list
-f deny:form-list
For each printer, the LP print service keeps two lists of forms: an ``allow-list'' of forms that can be used with the printer, and a ``deny-list'' of forms that cannot be used with the printer. With the -f allow option, the forms listed are added to the allow-list and removed from the deny-list. With the -f deny option, the forms listed are added to the deny-list and removed from the allow-list.
If the allow-list is not empty, only the forms in the list can be used on the printer, regardless of the contents of the deny-list. If the allow-list is empty, but the deny-list is not, the forms in the deny-list cannot be used with the printer. All forms can be excluded from a printer by specifying -f deny:all. All forms can be used on a printer (provided the printer can handle all the characteristics of each form) by specifying -f allow:all.
The LP print service uses this information as a set of guidelines for determining where a form can be mounted. Administrators, however, are not restricted from mounting a form on any printer. If mounting a form on a particular printer is in disagreement with the information in the allow-list or deny-list, the administrator is warned but the mount is accepted. Nonetheless, if a user attempts to issue a print or change request for a form and printer combination that is in disagreement with the information, the request is accepted only if the form is currently mounted on the printer. If the form is later unmounted before the request can print, the request is canceled and the user is notified by mail.
If the administrator tries to specify a form as acceptable for use on a printer that does not have the capabilities needed by the form, the command is rejected.
Notice the other use of -f, with the -M option, below.
The -T option must be invoked first with lpadmin to identify the printer type before the -f option can be used.
-F fault-recovery
continue
beginning
wait
During the wait, the administrator or the user who submitted the stopped print request can issue a change request that specifies where printing should resume. (See the -i option of the lp command.) If no change request is made before printing is enabled, printing resumes at the top of the page where stopped, if the filter allows; otherwise, the request is printed from the beginning.
-h
-i interface
-I content-type-list
The type simple is recognized as the default content type for files in the UNIX system. A simple type of file is a data stream containing only printable ASCII characters and the following control characters:
| Control Char | Octal Value | Meaning |
| BACKSPACE | 10 | Move back one char, except |
| TAB | ||
| LINEFEED | ||
(newline) | ||
| FORMFEED | ||
| RETURN | ||
To prevent the print service from considering simple a valid type for the printer, specify either an explicit value (such as the printer type) in the content-type-list, or an empty list. If you do want simple included along with other types, you must include simple in the content-type-list.
In addition to content types defined by the print administrator, the type PostScript is recognized and supported by the Solaris print subsystem. This includes filters to support PostScript as the printer content type.
The type any is recognized as a special content type for files. When declared as the input type for a printer, it signals the print sub-system not to do any filtering on the file before sending it to the printer.
Except for simple and any, each content-type name is determined by the administrator. If the printer type is specified by the -T option, then the printer type is implicitly considered to be also a valid content type.
-l
-m model
-M -f form-name [-a [-o filebreak]] [-t tray-number]]
The page length and width, and character and line pitches needed by the form are compared with those allowed for the printer, by checking the capabilities in the terminfo database for the type of printer. If the form requires attributes that are not available with the printer, the administrator is warned but the mount is accepted. If the form lists a print wheel as mandatory, but the print wheel mounted on the printer is different, the administrator is also warned but the mount is accepted.
If the -a option is given, an alignment pattern is printed, preceded by the same initialization of the physical printer that precedes a normal print request, with one exception: no banner page is printed. Printing is assumed to start at the top of the first page of the form. After the pattern is printed, the administrator can adjust the mounted form in the printer and press return for another alignment pattern (no initialization this time), and can continue printing as many alignment patterns as desired. The administrator can quit the printing of alignment patterns by typing q.
If the -o filebreak option is given, a formfeed is inserted between each copy of the alignment pattern. By default, the alignment pattern is assumed to correctly fill a form, so no formfeed is added.
If the -t tray-number option is specified, printer tray tray-number is used.
A form is ``unmounted'' either by mounting a new form in its place or by using the -f none option. By default, a new printer has no form mounted.
Notice the other use of -f without the -M option above.
-M -S print-wheel
If the print-wheel is not listed as acceptable for the printer, the administrator is warned but the mount is accepted. If the printer does not take print wheels, the command is rejected.
A print wheel is ``unmounted'' either by mounting a new print wheel in its place or by using the option -S none. By default, a new printer has no print wheel mounted.
Notice the other uses of the -S option without the -M option described below.
-n ppdfilename
-o option
There are several options which are predefined by the system. In addition, any number of key-value pairs can be defined. See the section "Predefined Options Used with the -o Option", below.
-P paper-name
-r class
-S list
If the printer is a type that takes print wheels, then list is a comma or space separated list of print wheel names. These are the only print wheels considered mountable on the printer. (You can always force a different print wheel to be mounted.) Until the option is used to specify a list, no print wheels are considered mountable on the printer, and print requests that ask for a particular print wheel with this printer are rejected.
If the printer is a type that has selectable character sets, then list is a list of character set name ``mappings'' or aliases. Each ``mapping'' is of the form known-name=alias The known-name is a character set number preceded by cs (such as cs3 for character set three) or a character set name from the terminfo database entry csnm. See terminfo(4). If this option is not used to specify a list, only the names already known from the terminfo database or numbers with a prefix of cs is acceptable for the printer. If list is the word none, any existing print wheel lists or character set aliases are removed.
Notice the other uses of the -S with the -M option described above.
The -T option must be invoked first with lpadmin to identify the printer type before the -S option can be used.
-s system-name
-s system-name[!printer-name] (UUCP format)
-s printer-name@system-name (RCMD format)
-p printer2 -s system1!printer1
-p printer2 -s printer1@system1
-s scheme://end-point (URI format)
lpd://server/printers/queue[#Solaris]
URI's using the ipp format are defined by the remote print server. They are generally of the format:
ipp://server/printers/queue
In either case, server specifies the hostname or IP address of the remote print server, queue specifies the name of the print queue on the remote print server, and the optional #Solarisspecifies that the remote print server is a Solaris server when lpd URI format is being used.
For example:
-p printer -s lpd://server/printers/queue#Solaris -p printer -s ipp://server/printers/queue
For local printers:
-s "localhost"
-p printer3 -s localhost -v device
This option should never be used when creating name service maps.
-T printer-type-list
If the printer-type-list contains more than one type, then the content-type-list of the -I option must either be specified as simple, as empty (-I ""), or not specified at all.
-tnumber-of-trays
-u allow:login-ID-list
-u deny:login-ID-list
login-ID
system-name!login-ID
system-name!all
all!login-ID
all
For each printer, the LP print service keeps two lists of users: an ``allow-list'' of people allowed to use the printer, and a ``deny-list'' of people denied access to the printer. With the -u allow option, the users listed are added to the allow-list and removed from the deny-list. With the -u deny option, the users listed are added to the deny-list and removed from the allow-list.
If the allow-list is not empty, only the users in the list can use the printer, regardless of the contents of the deny-list. If the allow-list is empty, but the deny-list is not, the users in the deny-list cannot use the printer. All users can be denied access to the printer by specifying -u deny:all. All users can use the printer by specifying -u allow:all.
-v device
-v scheme://end-point
scheme is the method or protocol used to access the network attached device and end-point is the information necessary to contact that network attached device. Use of this device format requires the use of the uri interface script and can only be used with the smb scheme at this time.
For example:
# lpadmin -p queue -v smb://smb-service/printer -m uri
See the /usr/sfw/man/man1m/smbspool.1m man page for details.
The -x dest option removes the destination dest (a printer or a class), from the LP print service. If dest is a printer and is the only member of a class, then the class is deleted, too. If dest is all, all printers and classes are removed. If there are no remaining local printers and the scheduler is still running, the scheduler is shut down.
No other options are allowed with -x.
The -d [dest] option makes dest (an existing printer or class) the new system default destination. If dest is not supplied, then there is no system default destination. No other options are allowed with -d.
-S print-wheel [-A alert-type] [-W minutes] [-Q requests] -T
The alert-types are:
write
quiet
none
shell-command
list
The message sent appears as follows:
The print wheel print-wheel needs to be mounted on the printer(s): printer(integer1requests) integer2 print requests await this print wheel.
The printers listed are those that the administrator had earlier specified were candidates for this print wheel. The number integer1 listed next to each printer is the number of requests eligible for the printer. The number integer2 shown after the printer list is the total number of requests awaiting the print wheel. It is less than the sum of the other numbers if some requests can be handled by more than one printer.
If the print-wheel is all, the alerting defined in this command applies to all print wheels already defined to have an alert.
If the -W option is not given, the default procedure is that only one message is sent per need to mount the print wheel. Not specifying the -W option is equivalent to specifying -W once or -W 0. If minutes is a number greater than zero, an alert is sent at intervals specified by minutes.
If the -Q option is also given, the alert is sent when a certain number (specified by the argument requests) of print requests that need the print wheel are waiting. If the -Q option is not given, or requests is 1 or any (which are both the default), a message is sent as soon as anyone submits a print request for the print wheel when it is not mounted.
A number of options, described below, are predefined for use with -o. These options are used for adjusting printer capabilities, adjusting printer port characteristics, configuring network printers, and controlling the use of banner. The -o also supports an arbitrary keyword=value format, which is referred to below as an undefined option.
The length, width, cpi, and lpi parameters can be used in conjunction with the -o option to adjust printer capabilities. The format of the parameters and their values is as follows:
length=scaled-decimal-number width=scaled-decimal-number cpi=scaled-decimal-number lpi=scaled-decimal-number
The term scaled-decimal-number refers to a non-negative number used to indicate a unit of size. The type of unit is shown by a ``trailing'' letter attached to the number. Three types of scaled-decimal-numbers can be used with the LP print service: numbers that show sizes in centimeters (marked with a trailing c); numbers that show sizes in inches (marked with a trailing i); and numbers that show sizes in units appropriate to use (without a trailing letter), that is, lines, characters, lines per inch, or characters per inch.
The option values must agree with the capabilities of the type of physical printer, as defined in the terminfo database for the printer type. If they do not, the command is rejected.
The defaults are defined in the terminfo entry for the specified printer type. The defaults can be reset by:
lpadmin -p printername -o length= lpadmin -p printername -o width= lpadmin -p printername -o cpi= lpadmin -p printername -o lpi=
You use the stty keyword in conjunction with the o option to adjust printer port characteristics. The general form of the stty portion of the command is:
stty="'stty-option-list'"
The stty-option-list is not checked for allowed values, but is passed directly to the stty program by the standard interface program. Any error messages produced by stty when a request is processed (by the standard interface program) are mailed to the user submitting the request.
The default for stty is:
stty="'9600 cs8 -cstopb -parenb ixon
-ixany opost -olcuc onlcr
-ocrnl -onocr
-onlret -ofill nl0 cr0 tab0 bs0 vt0 ff0'"
The default can be reset by:
lpadmin -p printername -o stty=
The dest, protocol, bsdctrl, and timeout parameters are used in conjunction with the -o option to configure network printers. The format of these keywords and their assigned values is as follows:
dest=string protocol=string bsdctrl=string \
timeout=non-negative-integer-seconds
These four options are provided to support network printing. Each option is passed directly to the interface program; any checking for allowed values is done there.
The value of dest is the name of the destination for the network printer; the semantics for value dest are dependent on the printer and the configuration. There is no default.
The value of option protocol sets the over-the-wire protocol to the printer. The default for option protocol is bsd. The value of option bsdctrl sets the print order of control and data files (BSD protocol only); the default for this option is control file first. The value of option timeout sets the seed value for backoff time when the printer is busy. The default value for the timeout option is 10 seconds. The defaults can be reset by:
lpadmin -p printername -o protocol= lpadmin -p printername -o bsdctrl= lpadmin -p printername -o timeout=
Use the following commands to control the use of the banner page:
lpadmin -p printer -o nobanner lpadmin -p printer -o banner lpadmin -p printer -o banner=always lpadmin -p printer -o banner=never lpadmin -p printer -o banner=optional
The first and fifth commands (-o nobanner and -o banner=optional) are equivalent. The default is to print the banner page, unless a user specifies -o nobanner on an lp command line.
The second and third commands (-o banner and -o banner=always) are equivalent. Both cause a banner page to be printed always, even if a user specifies lp -o nobanner. The root user can override this command.
The fourth command (-o banner=never) causes a banner page never to be printed, even if a user specifies lp -o banner. The root user can override this command.
The -o option supports the use of arbitrary, user-defined options with the following format:
key=value
Any default values for a given key=value option are defined in the interface program. If a default is provided, it can be reset by typing the key without any value:
lpadmin -p printername -o key=
lpadmin -p printer -o foo | nofoo
In the following examples, prtr can be any name up to 14 characters and can be the same name as the ping(1M) name.
Example 1 Configuring an HP Postscript Printer with a Jet Direct Network Interface
The following example configures an HP postscript printer with a jet direct network interface:
example# lpadmin -p prtr -v /dev/null -m netstandard \
-o dest=ping_name_of_prtr:9100 -o protocol=tcp -T PS -I \
postscript
example# enable prtr
example# accept prtr
Example 2 Configuring a Standard Postscript Network Printer
The following example configures a standard postscript network printer:
example# lpadmin -p prtr -v /dev/null -m netstandard \
-o dest=ping_name_of_prtr -T PS -I postscript
example# enable prtr
example# accept prtr
The following exit values are returned:
0
non-zero
/var/spool/lp/*
/etc/lp
/etc/lp/alerts/printer
/etc/printers.conf
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
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enable(1), lp(1), lpstat(1), mail(1), stty(1), accept(1M), lpforms(1M), lpsched(1M), lpsystem(1M), ping(1M), dial(3NSL), terminfo(4), attributes(5)
When using lpadmin to provide access to a remote printer, remote configuration data is stored in /etc/printers.conf. This data includes a bsdaddr and a printer-uri-supported attribute. The data in this file can be shared through the use of a network name service or replicated across multiple systems. If the data is shared, it is important to make sure that the bsdaddr and printer-uri-supported contain hostname information that is correctly resolved on all hosts sharing this data. Also, the printer-uri-supported is the preferred means of accessing remote print service. The bsdaddr is supplied for backward compatability with Solaris 2.6-10 systems.
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