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NAME
     GNOME - The GNU Network Object Model Environment

SYNOPSIS
     gnome-session

DESCRIPTION
     The gnome-session program launches and initializes the GNOME
     desktop  environment.  This program is usually executed from
     your X initialization file.  If your system is configured to
     use  gdm (the GNOME display and login manager) you can start
     your GNOME session by selecting the Gnome login profile.

     If the special WINDOW_MANAGER environment variable  is  set,
     the gnome-session system will use that as the session window
     manager.  Otherwise it will default to your system's config-
     ured window manager.

     GNOME is a collection of libraries and applications.  A col-
     lection of these form the GNOME Desktop: an easy to use, yet
     powerful desktop environment for Unix systems.  You can find
     up  to date information about GNOME in http://www.gnome.org.
     You can find more  information  about  the  GNU  project  in
     http://www.gnu.org.

     From a user's point of view, the GNOME desktop consists of a
     desktop  metaphor,  a file manager and an easy way to launch
     applications installed on the system.  Various desktop tools
     are  provided  with the GNOME desktop to take advantage of a
     computer system.

     GNOME's desktop metaphor allows the desktop to be used as  a
     place  to  temporarily  storing files, shortcuts to programs
     and documents.  Drag and drop is an important  part  of  the
     system;  we  have  tried  to make the system as intuitive as
     possible.

     The session management in GNOME will  automatically  restore
     all  of  the  applications  you were running when you log in
     into the system again.  With session  managed  applications,
     the  user can turn off or logout from the system and when he
     logs in again, he will see the same desktop he had before.

     GNOME supports themes that allow users to change the skin of
     an  application: the look of applications in the GNOME desk-
     top can be configured to look in the way that  more  pleases
     the  user:  it  is  just  a  few mouse-clicks away.  You can
     choose from a wide range of GTK themes.  A web site has been
     devoted to this: http://gtk.themes.org

ARCHITECTURE
     The GNOME architecture addresses a number  of  problems  and
     missing  features found on Unix systems and it uses a number
     of components to achieve this:

  glib
     This is the foundation  library  that  provides  portability
     functions, a collection of reusable abtract types for C pro-
     grammers and a main loop abstraction.  For more  information
     see http://www.gtk.org/rdp/glib/book1.html

  ORBit
     This is the CORBA implementation used in GNOME.  CORBA  pro-
     vides  basic  RPC functionality and it is the foundation for
     the component model and the compound document  and  document
     model     systems.      For     more     information     see
     http://www.labs.redhat.com/orbit.

  GTK+
     This is the GUI toolkit used by GNOME.  It works on Unix and
     Win32 systems and other ports are being worked on to lighter
     windowing  systems.   You  can  find  more  information   on
     http://www.gtk.org/

  gtk-engines
     The GTK+ toolkit has support for changing the  apperance  of
     application  by  providing  support  for  themes  and  theme
     engines.  See  http://gtk.themes.org  for  a  collection  of
     readily-available themes.

  Imlib
     The graphics library used  to  load,  save,  manipulate  and
     render  images  in GNOME applications.  It includes routines
     to do fast drawing and use a  limited  set  of  colors  from
     low-end  displays.   We  expect  this library to be replaced
     soon with the more modern libart.

  libart_lgpl
     An imaging  library  used  for  implementing  various  high-
     quality imaging components in GNOME.

  gnome-libs
     These libraries are the core libraries that provide the uni-
     formity  of  the  applications.   They  are divided in five:
     libgnome (for non-GUI dependant code), libgnomeui  (for  GUI
     dependant  code),  zvt  (the  xterm terminal emulator), gtk-
     xmhtml (an HTML rendering engine) and libgnorba that  imple-
     ments the CORBA object activation and registry.

  libglade
     This library enables programmers to create their  interfaces
     using the Glade GUI desginer and loading at runtime the user
     interfaces.

  gnome-print
     The GNOME  printing  architecture  implements  a  Postscript
     imaging  model  with  two extensions: alpha transparency and
     anti-aliasing (all of this is done by using the  libart_lgpl
     imaging library.

  gnome-xml
     This library provides GNOME application with an API to load,
     parse and walk an XML file.

  Docbook
     GNOME documentation is written in the Docbook SGML DTD.  You
     can     find     more     about    this    at    http://nis-
     www.lanl.gov/~rosalia/mydocs/docbook-intro.html

  GNU gettext
     GNOME uses the GNU  gettext  to  allow  applications  to  be
     localized for various countries and languages.

  Bonobo
     Bonobo is  the  GNOME  architecture  for  creating  reusable
     software components and compound documents.  It was designed
     and implemented to address the needs  and  problems  of  the
     free-software  community for developing large-scale applica-
     tions.

     More      information      can       be       found       at
     http://www.helixcode.com/tech/bonobo.php3

     GNOME is window manager independant.  This  means  that  the
     GNOME  desktop and the GNOME tools will work with any window
     manager.  Window manager can optionally provide a number  of
     features  that  will make the user's desktop a more pleasant
     experience.  The GNOME window manager hint spec is available
     at: http://www.gnome.org/devel/gnomewm/book1.html

HISTORY
     There were two projects that lead to the creation of origins
     of what became the GNOME project: the libapp project and the
     old-GNOME project.  The former  was  a  project  to  provide
     standard  workstation-like  services  to  applications.  The
     old-GNOME project was intended to provide a component  model
     for  Unix  systems.  These were projects some of us had dis-
     cussed but never actually implemented.

     Enter KDE,  a project that wanted to make Unix usable  as  a
     desktop  machine.  Sadly they chose the proprietary and non-
     free toolkit Qt as the foundation for their work.  It was  a
     giant step backwards in terms of software freedom[1].

     In response, the GNOME project was started later to create a
     completely free desktop environment, and various early ideas
     were reused.

     Early talks about the creation of GNOME involved some recog-
     nized  free  software  leaders: Erik Troan and Mark Ewing of
     Red Hat software, Richard  Stallman  of  the  Free  Software
     Foundation, and Peter Mattis and Spencer Kimball of the GIMP
     project.  We launched  the  project  after  considering  the
     various alternatives that could be tried.

     The original call for developers, which included the team of
     programmers  working  on  the GNU Image Manipulation Program
     (GIMP [GIMP]), the Guile mailing list and the free  software
     mailing  lists.  This is important because the mix of people
     that were part of the original GNOME team had a  good  back-
     ground  on  free  software  issues,  graphics  and  language
     design.

     Red Hat created the Advanced Development Laboratories  divi-
     sion  on  January  1998  (http://www.labs.redhat.com).  RHAD
     labs was initially created to help out in the development of
     the GNOME project.

     We made releases of the GNOME source base since  the  begin-
     ning  of  the project.  During the development of GNOME, the
     group has produced a number of libraries and components that
     are useful to provide integration, and consistency troughout
     the system.

     GNOME 1.0 was released after eighteen months of  development
     in  March 1999.  Updates and fixes are continously released;
     At the time of this writing, the GNOME 1.0 series is at ver-
     sion 1.0.5.

     GNOME 1.0 marks the contract between  GNOME  developers  and
     the  user  base  to provide a stable API on top of which new
     applications can be developed.  Software developers will  be
     able to take advantage of all the functions available in the
     library, and they can be sure that their  applications  will
     continue to work in the future.

     In May, 1999, International GNOME support  was  launched:  a
     company that offers contractual support for the GNOME system
     founded by Nat Friedman and Miguel de Icaza.

     In October, 1999  an  updated  version  of  GNOME  codenamed
     "October  GNOME"  was  released  with  many  bug  fixes  and
     improvements.  This new version of GNOME also included Glade
     and libGlade as part of the platform

     In October 1999,  GNOME  Support  became  Helix  Code,  Inc.
     (http://www.helixcode.com) and started work on Evolution (an
     integrated groupware solution) and Helix GNOME (a  continous
     updated  distribution  of  GNOME  for various operating sys-
     tems).

     In November 1999, Eazel was introduced to the GNOME  commun-
     ity  (http://www.eazel.com)  founded by Andy Hertzfeld, Bart
     Decrem and Mike Boich to provide a new  desktop  for  GNOME:
     the Nautilus project.

     Also in November, the Bonobo  component  system  started  to
     become  used in the GNOME project, and it became the founda-
     tion for various of the most advanced GNOME projects.

     In March 2000, Mathieu Lacage organized the "GNOME Users and
     Developers  European Conference" (http://www.guadec.enst.fr)
     in the Telecom, Paris school in Paris, France.  More than  a
     hundred  GNOME  hackers got together to discuss the state of
     GNOME and its future.

     In March 2000, The GNOME Steering Committee was  created  to
     overwsee the development and deployment of GNOME 2.0

     In May 2000, GNOME 1.2 codenamed "Bongo GNOME" was  released
     to the public.

MAILING LISTS
     There are various mailing lists used by the GNOME project to
     coordinate  the  development  of GNOME, you can subscribe to
     these lists by sending mail to the <listname>-request@domain
     address  and  put in the body of your message the word "sub-
     scribe".

  gnome-announce-list@gnome.org
     Where general announcements about the GNOME system are done.
     A  good way of staying in touch with the developments of the
     system

  gnome-list@gnome.org
     General discussion of the GNOME system.

  gnome-devel-list@gnome.org
     Discussions on the development of the GNOME  system  and  on
     writing GNOME applications.

  gnome-gui-list@gnome.org
     Discussion about user interface improvements for  the  GNOME
     system.

  gnome-components-list@gnome.org
     Discussions about Bonobo: the component and  compound  docu-
     ment architecture of GNOME.


  cvs-commits-list@gnome.org
     Used to keep track of changes to the GNOME CVS  source  code
     repository.

     There are many other lists that discuss  specific  parts  of
     the     project,     for     a    complete    list,    check
     http://www.gnome.org/mailing-lists

BUGS
     To report bugs or suggestions you would like to see  in  the
     GNOME  system,  please  use the command gnome-bug to send us
     information about the problem you are experimenting,  or  go
     directly   to   our  bug  tracking  system  on  the  Web  at
     http://bugs.gnome.org

AUTHOR
     GNOME has been developed by a large number of free  software
     programmers,  users  and  enthusiasts  on the Internet.  The
     guname program lists some of the contributors to the system.

     This manual  page  has  been  written  by  Miguel  de  Icaza
     (miguel@gnu.org)

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