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NAME
dtpad - edit text files
SYNOPSIS
dtpad [-options] [file]
DESCRIPTION
The dtpad utility is a basic editor that supports editing
text files in a manner consistent with other common Graphi-
cal User Interface text manipulation and file access mechan-
isms. Cursor positioning and text selection as well as
access to various edit operations can be done via the stan-
dard Motif text manipulation mechanisms using the mouse or
user-definable key combinations. Text can be cut, copied or
pasted, or dragged to and from the Text Editor and/or other
compliant application windows via the standard Motif Clip-
board and ICCCM Primary and Secondary selection mechanisms.
Also, standard dialogs are presented for accessing files and
printing text.
The Text Editor also provides the following features:
o Pull down menus for common edit and file operations.
o Undo of the previous edit operation.
o Search and replace.
o Spell checking.
o Simple formatting.
o Wrap-to-fit and overstrike modes.
o Optional status line - allowing cursor positioning by
line number.
o Automatic file save on many abnormal termination con-
ditions.
o Mechanism for automatic session save and restore.
In the CDE, the Text Editor can be a drag target for CDE
files, allowing a File Manager file icon to be dropped on a
Text Editor window for insertion in the current text. Also,
in CDE, the Text Editor operates in a transparent client-
server mode in which all text editing for a display is han-
dled by a single Text Editor server process. In this mode,
invoking the Text Editor causes the invoked Text Editor pro-
cess to be relegated to the role of a requestor process that
simply sends an edit request to the server process where the
actual editing is handled. The server creates and maintains
a separate edit window for each edit request and notifies
the requestor when its edit window is closed. The requestor
normally just blocks until told by the server to exit; how-
ever, if the server cannot honor the edit request (for exam-
ple, it can't access the directory containing the
requestor's file), the requestor handles the editing by
itself. If a Text Editor server for a display is not run-
ning when an edit request is made, CDE automatically starts
one, normally on the CDE session server (which need not be
the same as the requestor's host). The normal client-server
behavior can be disabled or altered via the Client and
Server Control options described under the OPTIONS heading
in this manual page.
OPTIONS
The following options are available:
Basic Command Line Options
-saveOnClose
Automatically and silently saves the current text
when there are unsaved changes and the Text Editor
is closed. The default action for this situation
posts a dialog asking whether or not to save the
current text. This option inhibits the posting of
the Save dialog when the Text Editor is closed.
The Save dialog is always posted when a new file is
specified and there are unsaved changes.
-missingFileWarning
Posts a Warning dialog whenever a file name is
specified and the file does not exist or cannot be
accessed.
-noReadOnlyWarning
Disables the Warning dialog posted whenever a file
is specified for which the user does not have write
permission. The default posts a Warning dialog
whenever this situation occurs.
-noNameChange
Indicates that the default file name associated
with the current text is not to change when the
text is saved under a name different than what it
was read in under. The current text can still be
saved under a different file name; however, the
default file name does not change. By default, the
default file name is automatically changed to
correspond to the last name under which the current
text was saved.
-viewOnly
Disallows editing of text in the edit window,
essentially turning the Text Editor into a text
viewer. The default allows text editing in the
edit window even if the text was obtained from a
file for which the user does not have write permis-
sion.
-statusLine
Displays a status line at the bottom of the edit
window. The status line shows the line number of
the line where the text cursor is currently posi-
tioned. The text cursor can be positioned to a
specific line by selecting the line number window
in the status line, typing the desired number and
pressing the Return key. Normally, a status line
is not displayed.
-wrapToFit
Initially turns on wrap-to-fit mode. Wrap-to-fit
mode can be toggled on or off via the Edit menu
Wrap-to-fit button and normally is initially turned
off.
-workspaceList workspace_list
Displays the edit window for the current invocation
of the Text Editor in the specified workspace or
workspaces. The default displays the edit window
in the workspace in which the Text Editor was
invoked. The workspace_list argument specifies a
blank-separated list of CDE workspaces. If more
than one workspace is specified, the list must be
enclosed in quotes.
-session session_file
Restores the Text Editor to all text editing win-
dows and settings that were in effect at a previous
CDE shutdown. All other command-line options are
ignored when this option is specified. The
session_file argument specifies a Text Editor ses-
sion file, previously saved at session shutdown by
the Text Editor, to be used to restore the Text
Editor to its state at shutdown.
Client and Server Control Options
-standAlone
Forces the current invocation of the Text Editor to
do its own text processing in its own window,
independent of the Text Editor server. This is
useful for displaying the Text Editor with an
environment different from that of other edit win-
dows controlled by the server as, for example, to
specify a different locale or different color
resources. The Text Editor still supports file
drag and drop in this mode.
-noBlocking
Terminates the Text Editor requestor process as
soon as the Text Editor server determines that it
can handle the requestor's edit request. If this
option is not specified, the requestor blocks, ter-
minating only when it receives notification from
the server that its edit window has been closed.
-server
Forces a Text Editor server to be started up (if
one is not already running) to process all subse-
quent edit requests for the display. These edit
requests are normally generated by subsequent invo-
cations of the Text Editor without the -standAlone
command-line option and cause the server to create
a separate edit window to handle each request.
Users normally do not need to use this option since
the initial edit request for the display causes the
CDE to start a Text Editor server automatically.
-exitOnLastClose
Specifies that the Text Editor server process is to
terminate when the last edit window for the display
is closed. It should only be used with the -server
option since it only applies to the server process.
If this option is not specified, the Text Editor
server remains active indefinitely, even when all
active edit windows have been closed.
OPERANDS
The following operand is supported:
file The file to be edited or viewed. If no file is
specified, the Text Editor opens a new (empty) edit
window and the file name must be specified when the
contents are saved.
RESOURCES
The dtpad utility supports the specific Text Editor
resources described here plus the standard resources related
to the Text Editor widget hierarchy. The main widgets that
make up the Text Editor hierarchy are shown under this head-
ing to aid in specifying resources. The widget instance
name is shown first, followed by the widget class name in
parentheses. Indentation indicates hierarchical structure.
dtpad (Dtpad)
main (MainWindow)
bar (MenuBar)
fileMenu (PulldownMenu)
editMenu (PulldownMenu)
formatMenu (PulldownMenu)
optionsMenu (PulldownMenu)
helpMenu (PulldownMenu)
editor (DtEditor)
The client-server architecture of dtpad restricts the scope
of resources that can be specified for individual edit win-
dows that the Text Editor server handles. For efficiency,
only the resources specific to the Text Editor are passed on
the Text Editor server. None of the standard widget
resources, except for geometry, are passed on from the
requestor Text Editor to the Text Editor server. These
resources are loaded according to the environment on the
server's host at the time the server is started up. If more
control is required, the -standAlone command-line option is
used to create a separate, stand alone dtpad process where
any and all of the standard resources, such as fontList or
colors, can be loaded according to the environment on the
requestor's host.
Basic Resources
____________________________________________________________
Name Class Type Default
____________________________________________________________
saveOnClose SaveOnClose Boolean False
missingFileWarning MissingFileWarning Boolean False
readOnlyWarning ReadOnlyWarning Boolean True
nameChange NameChange Boolean True
viewOnly ViewOnly Boolean False
statusLine StatusLine Boolean False
wrapToFit WrapToFit Boolean False
workspaceList WorkspaceList String NULL
session Session String NULL
Basic Resources
saveOnClose
Indicates whether the Text Editor is to save
automatically the current text when there are
unsaved changes and the Text Editor is closed.
Setting this resource to True automatically saves
unsaved changes when the Text Editor is closed.
This is equivalent to specifying the -saveOnClose
command-line option.
missingFileWarning
Indicates whether a warning dialog is to be posted
when a file is specified that does not exist or
cannot be accessed. Setting this resource to True
displays the warning. This is equivalent to speci-
fying the -missingFileWarning command-line option.
readOnlyWarning
Indicates whether a warning dialog is to be posted
when a file for which the user does not have write
permission is read. Setting this resource to False
suppresses the warning. This is equivalent to
specifying the -noReadOnlyWarning command-line
option.
nameChange
Indicates whether the current file name is to be
changed when the current text is saved under a new
name. Setting this resource to False does not
allow the name to be reset. This is equivalent to
specifying the -noNameChange command-line option.
viewOnly
Indicates whether text only be viewed or whether it
can be edited in the edit window. Setting this
resource to True disables text editing. This is
equivalent to specifying the -viewOnly command-line
option.
statusLine
Indicates whether the Text Editor is to display the
status line at the bottom of the edit window. Set-
ting this resource to True displays the status
line. This is equivalent to specifying the
-statusLine command-line option.
wrapToFit
Indicates whether the Text Editor is to enable
wrap-to-fit mode when the editor is started. Set-
ting this resource to True enables wrap-to-fit
mode. This is equivalent to specifying the -wrap-
ToFit command-line option.
workspaceList
Indicates which workspace or workspaces the Text
Editor is to be displayed in. This is equivalent
to specifying the -workspaceList command-line
option.
session
Specifies the saved session file to use in restor-
ing a previously saved Text Editor session. This
is equivalent to specifying the -session command-
line argument.
Client-Server Control Resources
____________________________________________________________
Name Class Type Default
____________________________________________________________
standAlone StandAlone Boolean False
blocking Blocking Boolean True
server Server Boolean False
exitOnLastClose ExitOnLastClose Boolean False
Client And Server Control Resources
standAlone
Specifies whether the Text Editor is to run as a
separate, independent Text Editor process without
using the Text Editor server. Setting this
resource to True invokes a separate, independent
process. This is equivalent to specifying the
-standAlone command-line option.
blocking
Specifies that the client Text Editor process is
not to terminate until receiving notification from
the Text Editor server that the user exited or
closed its edit window. Setting this resource to
False causes the client process to exit immediately
when the server determines that it can handle its
edit request. This is equivalent to specifying the
-noBlocking command-line option.
server
Specifies that the Text Editor is to be started in
server mode to handle all processing for all subse-
quent edit requests for the display. Setting this
resource to True is equivalent to specifying the
-server command-line option.
exitOnLastClose
Specifies that the Text Editor server is to ter-
minate when the last edit window for the display is
closed. Setting this resource to True is
equivalent to specifying the -exitOnLastClose
command-line option.
STDIN
Not used.
INPUT FILES
None.
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
The following environment variables affect the execution of
dtpad:
DISPLAY Specify the default X Windows display to
connect to.
LANG Provide a default value for the
internationalization variables that are
unset or null. If LANG is unset or null,
the corresponding value from the
implementation-specific default locale
will be used. If any of the internation-
alization variables contains an invalid
setting, the utility behaves as if none of
the variables had been defined.
LC_ALL If set to a non-empty string value, over-
ride the values of all the other interna-
tionalization variables.
LC_MESSAGES Determine the locale that is used to
affect the format and contents of diagnos-
tic messages written to standard error and
informative messages written to standard
output.
NLSPATH Determine the location of message catalo-
gues for the processing of LC_MESSAGES.
ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS
ToolTalk Messages
The following ToolTalk Desktop and Media requests are sup-
ported by the Text Editor server:
C_STRING Text in an arbitrary codeset
_DT_DATA Data that does not match any other data type
In addition, the Text Editor supports the messages below for
any media type that does not have a specific editor
registered.
The following messages are supported from the Media Exchange
message set:
Instantiate
Opens a new edit window for composing arbi-
trary file(s).
Edit Opens a new edit window for editing an exist-
ing file or buffer or for composing a specific
new file or buffer.
Display Opens a new edit window for displaying an
existing file or buffer.
The following messages are supported from the Desktop mes-
sage set:
Quit Terminates the text editing services or closes
a specific Text Editor edit window as speci-
fied by the operation2Quit argument. The
operation2Quit argument must be the message ID
of the Media Exchange request that created the
edit window.
The default actions for notifying the user,
saving or returning text and closing edit win-
dows are:
o If operation2Quit is specified, the
specified edit window is closed; other-
wise, all edit window(s) are closed and
the text editing services are terminated
o If there are unsaved changes, the user
is notified and allowed to save the text
and/or abort the Quit; otherwise, the
user is not notified and the text is not
saved (or returned if a buffer is being
edited)
Both the silent and force arguments are sup-
ported. However, the semantics of silent
differ from the Desktop message set in that
the text editing services provides user notif-
ication only when there are unsaved changes,
rather than user notification when an edit
window is terminated. The following table
describes variances in the default action for
various combination of silent and force.
silent force action
_______________________________________________
False False default
True False If there are unsaved changes,
the user is not notified, the
text is not saved and the edit
window is not terminated.
False True If there are unsaved changes,
the user is still notified and
allowed to save the text, but
cannot abort the Quit.
True True If there are unsaved changes,
the user is not notified, the
text is not saved and the edit
window is closed.
Whenever the Quit request is not carried out
(i.e., in the default case when the user
explicitly aborts the Quit or when silent is
True and force is not specified or is False),
the Quit request is failed with
TT_DESKTOP_ECANCELED.
Save Saves a specific edit window opened via an
Edit request. The ID argument must have the
messageID vtype and have the value of the mes-
sage ID of the Edit request that created the
edit window.
Saved Sent when a file has been saved, as the result
of a Save request or a user action.
STDOUT
Not used.
STDERR
Not used.
OUTPUT FILES
None.
EXTENDED DESCRIPTION
None.
EXIT STATUS
The following exit values are returned:
0 Successful completion.
>0 An error occurred.
CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS
Default.
APPLICATION USAGE
None.
EXAMPLES
None.
NOTES
Modes of Operation
Each instance of the Text Editor operates in one of three
modes:
Requestor Mode
When the Text Editor is started without any over-
riding command-line options (that is, -standAlone
or -server), it always attempts to run in this
mode. In this mode it simply sends an edit request
to a separate Text Editor server process and then
blocks (does nothing) until it receives a notice
from the server when its edit request is done, at
which time it exits. If -noBlocking is specified,
it exits immediately after the server accepts its
edit request rather than waiting until the edit
request is done.
StandAlone Mode
If the Text Editor server cannot process the edit
request from the Text Editor instance (for example,
the server process doesn't exist or can't be
started, or it can't access the requestor's file),
or if -standAlone is specified on the command line,
the Text Editor instance operates in standAlone
mode. In this mode the Text Editor creates its own
edit window and handles all processing for this
window on its own. In addition, it does not handle
any edit requests from outside sources and it exits
when its edit window is closed.
Server Mode
When -server is specified on the command line, the
Text Editor instance operates as a server for all
Text Editor edit requests for the same display.
That is, it creates a separate edit window and does
the actual editing for all Text Editor instances
running to the same display that do not have -stan-
dAlone specified on their command line. Only one
Text Editor server for a display can exist, and in
the CDE, this instance is normally started automat-
ically if it's not running at the time an edit
request is made.
Automatic File Save
The Text Editor automatically saves the current text to a
panic save file before exiting whenever it encounters a
panic signal or an internal X error. Panic signals are sig-
nals such as SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGQUIT, SIGILL, SIGABRT,
SIGIOT, SIGEMT, SIGFPE, SIGBUS, SIGSEGV, SIGSYS, SIGPIPE and
SIGTERM. Internal X errors are both non fatal X Error
events (as trapped by XSetErrorHandler(3X)), such as a
failure in X server memory allocation, and fatal X errors
(as trapped by XSetIOErrorHandler), such as losing the con-
nection to the X server. The Text Editor constructs the
name of the panic save file by bracketing the file name as
supplied by the user (or noName if none is supplied) with
enough number symbols (#) to make the name unique.
Wrap-to-fit Mode and Formatting
Wrap-to-fit mode and text formatting are essentially
independent operations. Wrap-to-fit mode pertains to the
dynamic display of lines, as delimited by <newline> charac-
ters, which exceed the width of the Text Editor window and
is based on the left and right window boundaries. When
wrap-to-fit mode is off (the default), each line of text is
displayed on a single line on the display and text entered
at the right window boundary causes the window to scroll
automatically to the right to accommodate the new text until
an actual <newline> character is entered (normally, by
pressing the Return key). When wrap-to-fit mode is on,
lines longer than the window width are automatically wrapped
at the right window margin to one or more display lines, and
text entered at the right window boundary is automatically
broken on a word boundary to the first column of the next
display line. Wrap-to-fit mode is dynamic in that wrapped
lines are automatically adjusted when text is inserted or
deleted or when the window is resized. Wrap-to-fit mode
only affects the display of lines; it does not actually
insert <newline> characters in the text.
Text formatting is a static operation that inserts actual
<newline> (and/or <space>) characters directly in the text
to match it to the left and right margins (and justification
mode) specified in the Format Settings dialog. Format set-
tings affect text only when explicitly applied and have no
affect on wrap-to-fit mode or previously formatted text.
Initially, and whenever the window is resized, the right
format margin is automatically set to the window width to
match the wrap-to-fit boundary.
FILES
/usr/dt/app-defaults/$LANG/Dtpad
Text Editor Application Defaults.
/usr/dt/lib/nls/msg/$LANG/dtpad.cat
Text Editor Message Catalog.
/usr/dt/appconfig/help/$LANG/Textedit.sdl
Text Editor Help Volume.
/usr/dt/appconfig/types/$LANG/dtpad.dt
Contains Text Editor action definitions used by the
Text Editor.
/usr/dt/appconfig/tttypes/types.xdr
ToolTalk process-types file containing message
definitions used by the Text Editor.
#<file name>#
Panic save file (see Automatic File Save).
SEE ALSO
DtEditor(3).
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