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Archive-name: mail/mh-faq/part1
Last-modified: $Date: 2001/07/23 06:33:32 $
Version: $Revision: 2001.07.2.1 $
Posting-Frequency: monthly
This is a living list of frequently asked questions on the mailer
user interface, Mail Handler, or MH. The point of this is to
circulate existing information, and avoid rehashing old answers.
Better to build on top than start again. Please read this document
before ever posting to this newsgroup.
This article is posted monthly. If it has already expired and
you're not reading this, you can hope that you saved the
instructions to retrieve the FAQ (see "Where can I get MH") so that
you can get a copy through other means.
Please do not post an answer when someone posts a frequently asked
question; rather, email the relevant section of the FAQ to eliminate
unnecessary traffic in this newsgroup.
This list depends on your comments, additions and fixes: please send
them to Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>.
Copyright 1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2001 Bill Wohler
Permission to use, copy, distribute, and translate this document for
any non-commercial purpose is hereby granted, provided that this
copyright notice appears in all copies. Commercial distributions
require prior written consent.
This article is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject: Table of Contents
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Sat, 3 Mar 2001 11:29:16 -0800
Legend: + new, - deleted, ! changed
__________________
01.00 Introduction
01.01 Why should I use MH?
01.02 What is the current version/status of MH?
01.03 Where can I get MH?
01.04 What references exist for MH?
01.05 What other MH software is available?
01.06 How can I print a MH manual?
01.07 How should I report bugs?
01.08 How can I convert from my mailer to MH?
_________________
02.00 Building MH
02.01 What machines does MH run on?
02.02 How do I build MH?
02.03 What options should I use?
02.04 What do I need to do to use POP?
02.05 Does MH support IMAP?
02.06 Why does "mailgroup mail" only affect inc and not slocal?
02.07 How can I build MH on Solaris 2?
02.08 How can I build MH on Linux?
02.09 How can I build MH on IRIX?
02.10 How can I get MH to interpret the Content-Length field?
02.11 How do I build MH on HP-UX?
02.12 Can I prevent adding the local hostname to addresses behind firewalls?
02.13 Is there a patch to fix this or that?
02.14 How can I build MH on OS/2?
02.15 Do any POP/IMAP servers handle MH format?
________________________
03.00 Scanning & Reading
03.01 What do I do if scan shows the wrong date?
03.02 How would one go about reading Usenet with MH?
03.03 How can I search through multiple folders?
03.04 Why don't MH format commands such as %(friendly) work?
03.05 Why doesn't "show" display all of a MIME message?
03.06 Can I get show not to run "less" so much on MIME messages?
03.07 Why do I get "mhn: don't know how to display content"?
03.08 How can I automatically delete MH backup files?
03.09 Fixing "cannot fopen and lock /var/spool/mail/(user)".
03.10 Can I read my mail with a Web browser?
03.11 How can I run inc automatically with POP?
03.12 Why does inc hang (on Sun)?
03.12 How can I get POP to work?
03.13 How do I persuade mhshow (mhn) not to bring up a new window?
03.14 How do I turn off of all the mhshow (mhn) prompts?
03.15 Why is inc splitting messages improperly?
03.16 Can MH thread messages?
03.17 How can I avoid reading the HTML version of the message?
03.18 How do I view or save attachments?
03.19 How do I view HTML attachments with Netscape?
____________
04.00 Filing
04.01 Can I append MH messages to a Unix mailbox format file?
04.02 Can I append MH messages to a GNU Emacs rmail BABYL-format file?
04.03 Why do I get ".../.mh_sequences is poorly formatted?"
04.04 How can you save News articles into an MH folder?
04.05 Are there any good tools to archive MH messages?
04.06 How can I remove duplicate messages?
04.07 How can I remove holes in numbering?
__________________________
05.00 Composing & Replying
05.01 Why does repl add a "Re:" to a message that already has one?
05.02 How do I include messages in repl with or without ">"?
05.03 How can I eliminate duplicate copies of letters to myself?
05.04 How can I include my signature?
05.05 How do I call my editor with arguments?
05.06 How can I digestify messages in a folder for mail to another user?
05.07 How can I change my return address?
05.08 How can I change my From header?
05.09 How can I save a copy of all messages I send?
05.10 Can the folder in Fcc: be dynamically specified?
05.11 Can I post secure/encryped mail?
05.12 How can I send multi-media (MIME) attachments?
05.13 What's the best way to send mail to a long list of people?
05.14 What is the Dcc header?
05.15 How can I make sense of the replcomps file?
05.16 How can I convert quoted-printable to 8bit in quoted text in replies?
05.17 Can I have aliases include aliases?
05.18 Why doesn't mhmail understand aliases?
05.19 How do I send blind carbon copies?
05.20 When I forward a message, can I use its Subject?
05.21 Why is the timezone field in my 'Date:' field wrong?
05.22 Can I automate the comp -editor mhn process?
05.23 How can I remove those "=20" characters when forwarding?
05.24 Can I use mh-format substitution with forw?
_____________
06.00 Posting
06.01 What to do with "Problems with edit - draft removed".
06.02 Can I run my message through a program (e.g., ispell) before sending?
06.03 What to do with "bad address 'xxx' - no at-sign after local-part".
06.04 Fixing "post: problem initializing server; [BHST] no servers available"
06.05 Fixing "post: problem initializing server; [RPLY] 503 Sender
already specified"
06.06 Fixing "post: unexpected response; [BHST] no socket opened"
06.07 How do I fix the "X-Authentication-Warning" header?
06.08 Fixing "post: unexpected response; [RPLY] 503 Need MAIL
before RCPT"
06.09 Fixing "post: problem initializing server; [BHST] premature
end-of-file on socket"
06.10 Fixing "Sender didn't use the HELO protocol"
06.11 Fixing "post: problem initializing server; [RPLY] 553 Local
configuration error, hostname not recognized as local
__________________
07.00 Mail Filters
07.01 What mail filters are available?
07.02 Why slocal writes messages to system mailbox that from(1) can't read.
07.03 Where can I read about slocal and the format of .maildelivery?
07.04 How do I debug my .maildelivery file?
07.05 Why isn't slocal working?
07.06 Are there any good biff applications for MH?
__________
08.00 mh-e
08.01 I have a question about mh-e
_________
09.00 Xmh
09.01 How can I get xmh to use Emacs as the editor?
09.02 Does xmh support subfolders?
09.03 How do I precede included messages with ">" when replying in xmh?
________
Appendix
Glossary & Acknowledgments
Switching xmh's editor
babyl2mh.pl
inco - babyl to MH converter
+t2h - add hyperlinks to message viewed
srvrsmtp.c patch
IRIX config file
HP-UX 10.20 config file
Removing duplicate messages (Bourne)
Removing duplicate messages (Perl)
------------------------------
Subject: Viewing This Article
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Nov 1995 14:44:19 -0800
To skip to a particular question with Subject or number xx, use
"/^S.*xx" with most pagers. In GNU Emacs type "M-C-s ^S.*xx", (or
C-r to search backwards), followed by ESC to end the search.
To skip to new or changed questions, use "/^S.*[!+]" with most pagers and
"M-C-s ^S.*[!+]" in GNU Emacs.
This article is in digest format. nn may have already broken this
message into separate articles; if not, then type "G %". In rn, use
^G to skip sections.
This article is treated as an outline when edited by GNU Emacs. Run
"M-x describe-mode" to see available outline-mode commands. Useful
commands are "M-x hide-body", "C-c C-s" (show-subtree) and "M-x
show-all"
Check out the Usenet Hypertext FAQ Archive (see "What references
exist for nn?"). Files available by ftp, man pages, and other Web
pages, as well as cross-references like the one in this paragraph
are just a click away.
A "Date" field whose time is 00:00:00 is approximate. The month and
year in these fields represent the time they were added to the FAQ,
rather than when they were contributed by the author, as is the case
since November, 1995.
If you should need the Internet address, use nslookup or dig if you
have them, or send mail to <dns at grasp.insa-lyon.fr> with
"help" for a Subject.
References to $MHLIB refer to the directory that contains MH support
files and routines. This directory is usually /usr/lib/mh or
/usr/local/lib/mh (or /usr/local/nmh/lib or /etc/nmh for nmh). Do
not use $MHLIB literally; use the real, absolute path to your MH
library directory.
There are slight differences between the original MH and nmh. In the
text, the nmh command or filename is preferred, and the MH
equivalent is placed in parenthesis. For example, the MH
configuration is in $MHLIB/mts.conf (mtstailor); mhshow (mhn -show)
is used to view attachments.
Note that due to bottom feeding email address harvesting spam scum,
mailto links have been removed and @s in addresses have been
replaced by "at."
------------------------------
Subject: 01.00 ***** Introduction *****
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
------------------------------
Subject: 01.01 Why should I use MH?
From: Jerry Peek <jpeek at jpeek.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
The MH message handling system is a set of electronic mail programs
in the public domain. If your computer runs Unix, it can probably
run MH.
The big difference between MH and most other "mail user agents" is
that you can use MH from a Unix shell prompt. In MH, each command
is a separate program, and the shell is used as an interpreter. So,
all the power of Unix shells (pipes, redirection, history, aliases,
and so on) works with MH--you don't have to learn a new interface.
Other mail agents have their own command interpreter for their
individual mail commands (although the mush mail agent simulates a
Unix shell).
Because MH commands aren't part of a monolithic mail system, you can
use them at any time; you don't have to start or quit the mail
agent. Because you use them from a shell prompt, you can use all
the power of the shell.
If your shell has time-saving aliases or functions (and most do),
you'll be able to use them with MH, of course. And because MH isn't
a monolithic mail agent, you can use MH commands in Unix shell
scripts, or call them from programs in high-level languages like C.
Unlike most mail agents, MH keeps each message in a separate file.
The filename is the message number. To rearrange the messages, MH
just changes the filenames. MH can use standard Unix file system
operations such as removing, copying and linking messages. The
message files are grouped into one or more folders, which are
actually Unix directories.
MH is free, powerful, flexible--and the basics are easy to learn.
------------------------------
Subject: 01.02 What is the current version/status of MH.
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Tue, 9 Feb 1999 22:49:18 -0800
The current official version of MH is 6.8.3, although a beta of
6.8.4 is available.
This version includes MIME, a multi-media MH package that implements
the new IETF work on Multi-media 822 (MIME). This allows you to
include things like audio, graphics, and the like, in your mail
messages. --Marshall Rose <mrose at dbc.mtview.ca.us>
MH now works with Kerberos as well.
In addition, a new program called mhparam extracts arguments from
.mh_profile which is useful in shell scripts.
Please see the file CHANGES in the distribution for more details.
Due to the languishing state of MH, Richard Coleman
<coleman at math.gatech.edu> has created another version of MH called
nmh (currently version 1.0.4). He uses GNU autoconf to ease
installation considerably and has fixed several bugs and
inconsistencies. See http://www.mhost.com/nmh/ and
http://nmh.sourceforge.net/.
------------------------------
Subject: 01.03 Where can I get MH?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Sun, 23 Nov 1997 13:07:47 -0800
MH comes standard with:
Berkeley Software Design BSD/386 . . . . MH 6.8.3
Control Data Corp. CDC4680-MP . . . . . . EMH 1.4.2 (modified MH)
Debian GNU/Linux 1.1 . . . . . . . . . . MH 6.8.4
DEC Ultrix 3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . MH 6.5
DEC Ultrix 4.2A.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . MH 6.7.1
DEC OSF/1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MH 6.7
Evans and Sutherland ES/OS 2.3 . . . . . MH 6.6
FreeBSD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MH 6.8.4
IBM PS/2 AIX 1.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . MH 6.4
IBM RISC System/6000 AIX 3.x and 4.x . . MH 6.6
MIPS RISC/OS 4.52 . . . . . . . . . . . . MH 6.6
Red Hat Linux (3.0.3, 4.0 and 4.1) . . . MH 6.8.3
SGI Irix 6.2 Freeware 2.0 CDROM . . . . . MH 6.8.3
Sony NEWS-OS 4.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . MH 6.7.2
Tektronix UTek . . . . . . . . . . . . . MH (Version Unknown)
Table maintained by: "James R. Hamilton" <jrh at interlog.com>
If you should need the Internet address, use nslookup or dig if you
have them, or send mail to <dns at grasp.insa-lyon.fr> with "help" for
a Subject.
via anonymous ftp:
ftp://ftp.mhost.com/pub/nmh/nmh.tar.gz 667kB
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-6.8.tar.Z 2MB
ftp://ftp.uu.net/networking/mail/mh/mh-6.8.tar.Z 2MB
ftp://ftp.efd.lth.se/pub/mail/mh-6.8.3.tar.gz 1.3MB
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/updates/MH.6.8.4.Z 46kB
via mail:
Send a note to either <mail-server at NL.net> or
<archive-server at germany.eu.net> with a body containing the
following:
send mail/mh/mh-6.8.tar.Z
UK users may be able to use <ftpmail at doc.ic.ac.uk>. Send a
note whose body contains "help" to this address.
Send a note to <ftpmail at ftpmail.ramona.vix.com> whose body
contains "help" on a line by itself get information on getting ftp
sources by mail.
------------------------------
Subject: 01.04 What references exist for MH?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Tue, 9 Feb 1999 22:51:40 -0800
The Web:
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/
http://www.mhost.com/nmh/
http://nmh.sourceforge.net/
http://mh-e.sourceforge.net/
Books:
MH & xmh: E-mail for Users & Programmers. Third edition. Jerry
Peek, with Bill Wohler and Brent Welch.
ISBN 1-56592-093-7. 738 pages.
O'Reilly & Associates, Inc.
Out of print as of August, 1996.
References to "the MH book" in this document refer to the third
edition of this book (section numbers for the second edition
appear in parentheses). Links to the online edition are to the
updated third edition at http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/.
This book is also available online in the following locations:
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/ (western USA, Web)
http://www.tac.nyc.ny.us/mirrors/mh-book/ (eastern USA, Web)
http://www.fan.net.au/mirrors/freebooks/mh/ (Australia, Web)
http://www.huygens.org/~eijk/mh_book/ (the Netherlands, Web)
http://www.funet.fi/index/MH/book/ (Finland, Web)
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/book/index.htm (western USA, FTP)
ftp://ftp.funet.fi/index/MH/book/index.htm (Finland, FTP)
Examples from this book are in:
ftp://ftp.uu.net/published/oreilly/nutshell/MHxmh/MHxmh3.tar.Z 114k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/book/download/MHxmh3.tar.Z (updated) 115k
There is another book that contains a number of examples of
advanced mail handing using MH as the example message handler.
It's also quite a good reference on email in general.
The Internet Message. Marshall T. Rose
ISBN 0-13-092941-7. 396 pages.
P T R Prentice Hall
Papers:
MHN Tutorial by Jerry Sweet
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/contrib/multimedia/mhn-tutorial.ps.Z 141k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/contrib/multimedia/mhn-tutorial.tex.Z 48k
Usenet:
comp.mail.mh (gatewayed to MH-users)
Mailing lists:
General questions/discussion: <MH-users at ics.uci.edu>
(gatewayed to comp.mail.mh).
MH developers and maintainers: <MH-workers at ics.uci.edu>.
Please use <MH-users-request at ics.uci.edu> and
<MH-workers-request at ics.uci.edu> to request an addition or
deletion.
The mailing list for nmh is <nmh-workers at mhost.com>.
Please use <nmh-workers-request at mhost.com> for
subscription.
MH-users archives:
The files are in packf(1) format, compressed with compress(1). To
get them, use anonymous ftp and set "binary" transfer mode.
current archive, uncompressed:
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-users/mh-users.mbox
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-users/mh-users.95.Z 1724k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-users/mh-users.95.scan.Z 113k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-users/mh-users.94.Z 1669k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-users/mh-users.94.scan.Z 57k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-users/mh-users.93.Z 1507k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-users/mh-users.93.scan.Z 51k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-users/mh-users.92.Z 1251k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-users/mh-users.92.scan.Z 43k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-users/mh-users.91.Z 858k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-users/mh-users.91.scan.Z 36k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-users/mh-users.90.Z 393k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-users/mh-users.90.scan.Z 21k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-users/mh-users.89.Z 89k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-users/mh-users.89.scan.Z 5k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-users/mh-users.88.Z 178k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-users/mh-users.88.scan.Z 11k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-users/mh-users.87.Z 54k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-users/mh-users.87.scan.Z 3k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-users/mh-users.86.Z 8k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-users/mh-users.86.scan.Z 771
There are directions in ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/mh-users/README.
Basically, you can use either "msh" or the individual commands
"inc -file" to get the messages into a folder, and then "scan",
"pick", "show", and so on (or your favorite commands in xmh, mh-e,
etc.). --Jerry Peek <jpeek at jpeek.com>
Achim Bohnet <ach at rosat.mpe-garching.mpg.de> has created an
excellent indexed version of the archive, plus some other archives
besides.
http://www.rosat.mpe-garching.mpg.de/mailing-lists/mh-users/
http://www.rosat.mpe-garching.mpg.de/mailing-lists/exmh/
http://www.rosat.mpe-garching.mpg.de/mailing-lists/procmail/
http://www.rosat.mpe-garching.mpg.de/mailing-lists/mhonarc/
This document:
http://www.faqs.org/faqs/mail/mh-faq/part1/preamble.html
http://www.cs.ruu.nl/wais/html/na-dir/mail/mh-faq/part1.html
mh-e documentation:
GNU Emacs 19.29 comes with a version of mh-e that now includes
online (Texinfo) documentation. Try "C-h i m mh-e RET". It is
also available online at http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/mh-e/.
See also "What other MH software is available?" to see where you
can get the latest version of mh-e which includes the
documentation sources.
exmh:
The FAQ is available at http://www.beedub.com/exmh/exmh-faq.html.
The online exmh sections from the MH book can be found at
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/exmh/tocs/jump.htm.
Signature and Finger FAQ:
http://www.faqs.org/faqs/usenet/signature-faq/
------------------------------
Subject: 01.05 What other MH software is available?
From: Stephen Gildea <gildea at stop.mail-abuse.org>, Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Sat, 3 Mar 2001 13:39:01 -0800
Mh-e is the GNU Emacs front end for MH. It offers all the
functionality of MH, the visual orientation and simplicity of use of
xmh, and full integration with Emacs, including thorough
configurability. The command set is similar to that of rmail (the
Emacs front end for BSD mail) and BSD mail itself. online help is
available.
Mh-e allows one to read and process mail very quickly: commands are
single characters and completion and defaults are available for file
and folder names. During a reply, the original message is displayed
simultaneously in another window for easy reference where a mh-e
command can quickly incorporate and format this text into your
reply.
With mh-e you compose outgoing messages in Emacs. This is a big plus
for Emacs users, but it has been known for non-Emacs users to be
able use mh-e after only learning the most basic cursor motion
commands. Mh-e is easily configured via the Emacs edit-options menu,
and can be configured to fit the needs of even the most demanding
user.
The GNU Emacs distribution includes mh-e.
mh-e is maintained at SourceForge:
http://mh-e.sourceforge.net/
From: Brent Welch <welch at acm.org>
Date: Tue, 20 Mar 2001 22:42:15 -0800
EXMH is a user interface for the MH mail system written in TCL/TK.
Exmh has MIME support, color feedback in the scan listing, a folder
display with one label per folder, clever scan caching, facesaver
bitmap display; background inc, various inc styles, searching over
folder listing and message body, a dialog-box interface to MH pick,
a simple built-in emacs-like editor, interfaces to other editors,
user preferences, user hacking support. For more info or to obtain
exmh, see:
http://exmh.sourceforge.net/
From: "Eric D. Friedman" <friedman at hydra.acs.uci.edu>
Date: Tue, 9 Feb 1999 22:52:44 -0800
Mhtake is a perl script that lets you add people to your mail
aliases file by typing mhtake [message #].
http://orion.oac.uci.edu/~friedman/mhtake.txt
From: Steinar Bang <sb at metis.no>
Date: Fri, 26 Jan 1996 13:51:08 +0100
Mew (an Emacs interface to MH that has MIME and PGP capabilities) is
found at:
ftp://ftp.aist-nara.ac.jp/pub/elisp/Mew/mew-current.tar.gz
From: James Perkins <jamesp at sp-eug.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Jan 1993 00:00:00 -0800
Vmh is designed for people using the bulletin-board features of MH,
where mail is stored in packed (single-file) folders. As a result,
use of this program cannot be mixed with the use of normal MH
commands. Vmh is a part of the official MH distribution.
From: James Perkins <jamesp at sp-eug.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Jan 1993 00:00:00 -0800
Xmh is a X11 mouse-based MH browsing tool. It is very powerful and
feature-filled and thus comes with a moderate learning curve. Its
dependence on the X11 environment makes it very reconfigurable, but
only by people well-versed in X applications programming. Its
message reply built-in-editor interface is not always popular among
those used to having MH bring up the editor of their choice.
Date: Fri, 1 Jan 1993 00:00:00 -0800
xmh is part of the standard X Window System distribution from the X
Consortium. Ultrix also ships dxmail which is similar.
ftp://cs.utk.edu/pub/xmh.shar.Z 162k
From: Harald Tveit Alvestrand <hta at boheme.er.sintef.no>
Date: Fri, 1 Jan 1993 00:00:00 -0800
Here's a version of xmh that includes MIME.
ftp://aun.uninett.no/pub/mail/mixmh/mixmh-0.3.tar.Z 232k
From: Nathaniel Borenstein <nsb at thumper.bellcore.com>
Date: Sun, 26 Nov 1995 19:04:51 -0800
Metamail is a package that can be used to convert virtually ANY
mail-reading program on Unix into a multi-media mail-reading
program. It is an extremely generic implementation of MIME
(Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions), the proposed standard for
multi-media mail formats on the Internet. The implementation is
extremely flexible and extensible, using a "mailcap" file mechanism
for adding support for new data formats when sent through the mail.
At a heterogeneous site where many mail readers are in use, the
mailcap mechanism can be used to extend them all to support new
types of multi-media mail by a single addition to a mailcap file.
The metamail distribution comes complete with a small patch for each
of over a dozen popular mail reading programs, including Berkeley
mail, mh, Elm, Xmh, Xmail, Mailtool, Emacs Rmail, Emacs VM, Andrew,
and others. Note that the MH patches are now integrated into MH 6.8.
ftp://ftp.bellcore.com/pub/nsb/mm2.7.tar.Z
From: Tom Christiansen <tchrist at perl.com>
Date: Tue, 9 Feb 1999 22:55:24 -0800
Plum is a highly configurable and extensible screen-oriented
front-end for processing MH mail on ASCII terminals. Unlike mh-e,
the extension language used in plum is perl, not LISP. Plum offers
many of the advantages of xmh, but lacks several of xmh's
disadvantages. The look&feel derives more from vi than from emacs.
Key bindings and functions may be changed on the fly to suit the
user's preference. It offers filename and word completion on folder,
variables, and command names.
Until it is included in the standard distribution (under
miscellany), you can fiqnd a copy on:
http://www.cpan.org/authors/Tom_Christiansen/scripts/plum.gz 29k
or mail requests to Tom
From: Jerry Sweet <jsweet at irvine.com>
Date: Tue, 1 Nov 1994 00:00:00 -0800
Mhunify is a set of perl scripts and templates that provides
shell-level MH functionality with USENET news. Since MH supports
MIME, MIME-format news articles just work. I've found that being
able to handle news in the same way that I handle email is very
useful, although there are some tradeoffs.
Mhunify also treats MH folders just like news groups. If you
subscribe to several mailing lists, and your email is automatically
delivered to separate folders, say, via procmail or via MMDF's
.maildelivery, the mhunify package lets you progress automatically
through your folders just as you would news groups.
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/contrib/multimedia/mhunify.shar.gz
From: Dale Carstensen <dlc at c3file.c3.lanl.gov>
Date: Tue, 1 Nov 1994 00:00:00 -0800
olmh is a demo for OLIT (Open Look Interface Toolkit, the Open Look
wrapper to Xt) in Sun's Open Windows 3 that does handle 3rd and
subsequent levels of nesting of folders.
Obtain the Open Windows 3 distribution CD/ROM from Sun (SPARC only).
To do this, call 1-800-USA-4SUN and send tone "2" for telemarketing
after it answers. The 4.1.2 CD/ROM may also have Open Windows 3. The
list price for the 4.1.2 CD/ROM is $200.
From: James Perkins <jamesp at sp-eug.com>
Date: Sun, 1 May 1994 00:00:00 -0800
Vmail is a curses-based, vi-like message browser which calls on MH
programs to manipulate mail. It can be used on almost any terminal.
It organizes mail folders into index pages, from which a message can
be selected to be shown, replied-to, forwarded, refiled, deleted,
and so on. The vi-like interface and command keystrokes are
comfortable to less-experienced Unix users, and it is a small,
compact program, unlike the mh-e Emacs package.
This version of vmail has been bugfixed and enhanced from the
original vmail published on the net in 1987 by J. Zobel.
ftp://ftp.uu.net/comp.sources.unix/volume12/vmail/part0*.Z 46k
ftp://ftp.ucs.ubc.ca/pub/mh/vmail.[1-3]of3.Z 58k
Or mail requests to James.
From: James Perkins <jamesp at sp-eug.com>
Date: Sun, 1 May 1994 00:00:00 -0800
vmailtool may be for you if you have a Sun workstation. It is a
button gadget panel for the above-mentioned vmail program. It brings
vmail into the windows era where people no longer need to memorize
specific command keystrokes. It also provides a mail icon with the
flag that pops up when new mail arrives. Again, this is a compact,
simple tool, unlike the powerful xmh program. Still, it's a welcome
alternative for many people who are running SunView or OpenWindows.
ftp://ftp.ucs.ubc.ca/pub/mh/vmailtool.Z 18k
or mail requests to James.
MMH, My Mail Handler, is a Motif interface for reading and sending
mail. It uses the MH commands to actually handle sending a receiving
messages. It does not support all the capabilities of MH, but offers
a large enough subset to handle the majority of users. Its intended
user is someone between "bumbling email novice" and "sophisticated
user". Hooks are provided to allow the user to customize and add new
commands.
ftp://ftp.eos.ncsu.edu/pub/bill/bill.tar.Z 120k
From: Andrew Waugh <ajw at mel.dit.csiro.au>
Date: Fri, 1 Jan 1993 00:00:00 -0800
X.500 lookups: If a name is enclosed in square brackets, when
entering a destination address:
To: [Greg Wickham,CSIRO]
a search will be made in the X.500 Directory for the individual's
entry. If an address exists then it will be extracted and placed
into the headers. Mail requests for the software to the author.
From: Barbara Dyker <dyker at teal.csn.org>
Date: Fri, 1 Jan 1993 00:00:00 -0800
QuemeMH is an email based service request and tracking system
based on the Rand Mail Handler.
ftp://ftp.cs.colorado.edu/pub/cs/sysadmin/utilities/queuemh.tar.Z 98k
From: <info at rootgroup.com>
Date: Mon, 1 Mar 1993 00:00:00 -0800
Qmh is an MH-based group mail management tool. Written entirely in
perl, Qmh combines the best aspects of MH with group mail heuristics
and delivers a sensible package for all levels of Unix users. A
limitless number of individual queues and associated groups of
permitted users can be established.
Specific functionality includes the following modes of operation;
checking header dates and sending reminder/deadline mail, editing
existing messages, help screens, creating new messages from scratch
or exiting messages, resolving messages, scanning queue folders, and
annotating with status both by editing and sending mail.
Qmh is a single generic program in and of itself from which all
modes of operation are invoked. Additionally, each separate queue
may be accessed via a link to the single program. All system
configuration is maintained in a single file that is read upon each
invocation of Qmh. Formatting and template files are provided in the
system library, although individual users can override the defaults
simply by creating equivalent files in their own MH mail directory.
Qmh provides a powerful database-like functionality by allowing
limitless per-queue X-Qmh-<$value> headers to be included in
messages. These "fields" then form the context of the queue messages
and provide a user-defined, but yet structured environment for
queries, reporting, and random information.
Qmh is designed to provide a complete solution for SA groups, help
desks, support organizations, or wherever two or more individuals
are trying to manage multiple mail requests.
Qmh is also compatible with versions of xmh that provide user-level
command buttons. Provided in the Qmh package is a ~/.Xdefaults
template file that's setup to harness the power of Qmh.
From: Jerry Peek <jpeek at jpeek.com>, Shannon Yeh <yeh at netix.com>
Date: Sun, 11 Mar 2001 00:23:21 -0800
MacMH and PC/MH:
These were available only for non-commercial degree-granting
institutions from:
Networking & Communication Systems
115 Pine Hall
Stanford University
Stanford, CA 94305-4122
Phone: +1 415-723-3909
See also:
ftp://netix.com/pub/pc-mh-info/*
For more PC/MH info, contact:
Netix Communications, Inc.
15375 Barranca Parkway
Building G, Suite 107
Irvine, CA 92718
Phone: +1 714-727-9532
FAX: +1 714-727-3922
Internet: info at netix.com
In addition, you might try Wollongong, to see if they have something you
can get.
[This information appears to be out of date. Please send me
pointers to valid information. Potential sites include
jessica.stanford.edu.]
Two other potential methods to run MH under Windows: Run Unix
under Windows with VMware (http://www.vmware.com/) or try to
compile nmh with the Cygwin tools (http://www.cygwin.com/).
------------------------------
Subject: 01.06 How can I print a MH manual?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>, Jos Vos <jos at bull.nl>
Date: Mon, 9 Sep 1996 01:21:49 -0700
First, check out the documents available on http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/.
To order a copy by mail, see the section on how to get MH by mail
(see "Where can I get MH?" and "What references exist for MH?").
To print your own copy, first obtain the MH sources (see "Where can
I get MH?") if you don't already have it. Go into the "doc"
directory and run "make guide" to create the administrators guide
and "make manual" to create a user's manual which includes tutorials
and man pages. If the doc directory is empty or is missing the
Makefile, you'll have to run "mhconfig MH" in the conf directory so
that the documentation with correct local information is created.
For properly formatting the documentation (at least the manual
pages) you might even have to install MH, because a reference to a
tmac.h file in the MH lib directory is made in the manual pages.
You can also ftp the ASCII or postscript versions:
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/doc/tutorial.ps.Z 65k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/doc/ADMIN.ps.Z 56k
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/doc/MH.ps.Z (man pages) 261k
ftp://ftp.uu.net/networking/mail/mh/doc/tutorial.ps.Z
ftp://ftp.uu.net/networking/mail/mh/doc/ADMIN.ps.Z
ftp://ftp.uu.net/networking/mail/mh/doc/MH.ps.Z (man pages)
Or, you can send a note to <mail-server at NL.net> with a body
containing the following:
send /mail/mh/papers-ps/tutorial.ps.Z
------------------------------
Subject: 01.07 How should I report bugs?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
Mail them to <Bug-MH at ics.uci.edu> and be sure to include the
output of the -help option as well as what hardware and operating
system you are using.
Bugs to nmh should be reported to <nmh-bugs at mhost.com>.
Bugs in mh-e should be reported at:
http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?atid=113357&group_id=13357&func=browse
------------------------------
Subject: 01.08 How can I convert from my mailer to MH?
From: Mike Sutton <mws115 at llcoolj.dayton.saic.com>
Date: 7 Jul 1995 10:03:50 GMT
The unrmail function will convert rmail format to mbox format.
From: Jerry Peek <jpeek at jpeek.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
If you use one of a mail agent like 'mail', 'mailx', 'elm' or
'mush', converting to MH is easy. When you run the 'inc' command,
it reads all new messages from the system mailbox into your 'inbox'
folder. Those mail agents also have separate files or "folders"
that hold messages in the same format as the system mailbox. You
can read them with the 'inc -file' command. For example, to read
the messages from your 'mbox' mail file into your MH 'inbox' folder,
you'd type:
% cd
% cp mbox mbox.backup
% inc -file mbox
If you see the usual "Incorporating new mail into inbox..." message
and a scan listing, the messages probably were converted. Read some
or all of them (with the 'show' command) and be sure. The 'inc'
won't remove your mbox unless you use '-truncate'.
From: "Jason R. Mastaler" <jason at Mastaler.COM>
Date: Mon, 1 May 1995 00:00:00 -0800
You can also specify an alternate folder to inc. Here's how you
can convert all your folders en masse:
for arg in `cat flist`; do
echo "converting $arg"
inc +"$arg" -file "$arg" -silent
done
Section D.4 of the MH book's second edition lists two scripts to
convert mail files to MH folders: babyl2mh to convert from rmail's
BABYL format; vmsmail2mh to convert from VMS's mail (see "What
references exist for MH") to see where the book's examples can be
ftped from). These scripts aren't in the third edition but are in
its archive file.
From: Vivek Khera <khera at cs.duke.edu>
Date: Fri, 1 Jan 1993 00:00:00 -0800
I rewrote the above script in Perl since the original script doesn't
work for some people (see "babyl2mh.pl" below).
From: Juergen Nickelsen <nickel at cs.tu-berlin.de>
Date: Fri, 1 Jan 1993 00:00:00 -0800
You can remove the second to last second line ("> $input"), so
that the script doesn't zero out your RMAIL file.
Another alternative is to replace this line with "inc -file $tmpmbox
$folder && > $input", so that the RMAIL is only zeroed if inc
successfully incorporated the mail. Finally one could add a switch
-z, so that the RMAIL file is only zeroed if the switch is given.
(See "Appendix inco".)
Date: Sun, 1 May 1994 00:00:00 -0800
Use the following to convert a BABYL format file to Unix mail
format.
ftp://inf.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/pub/gnu/emacs_extras/rmailtovm.el.Z
6k
See also MH book second edition (Appendix D).
------------------------------
Subject: 02.00 ***** Building MH *****
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
------------------------------
Subject: 02.01 What machines does MH run on?
From: Bill Goffe <goffe at oswego.edu>
Date: 25 May 1999 18:13:55 GMT
If you have Windows, consider looking at VMware
http://www.vmware.com/
which provides a virtual machine where you can run Unix and
therefore MH under Windows.
From: Ted Nolan <ted at ags.ga.erg.sri.com>
Date: 24 May 99 17:20:27 GMT
The latest Cygnus Cygwin, GNU tools that run under Windows,
http://www.cygwin.com/
seems to work pretty well and may well be able to build nmh.
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Sep 1996 16:02:39 -0700
MH isn't just for Unix any more. Versions are reported to run on
OS/2 also (see "How can I build MH on OS/2?").
From: Jerry Peek <jpeek at jpeek.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
If you have a computer running Unix, you can probably run MH.
------------------------------
Subject: 02.02 How do I build MH?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Sep 1996 15:13:12 -0700
If you're using Linux, you can simply install the nmh or MH package
which is available in most distributions.
If you want to build nmh, follow the directions in the file named
INSTALL. Basically, it's simply "./configure; make; make install."
If you have MH on the other hand, if you carefully read the file
named READ-ME in the root of the source hierarchy, you should not
have any trouble building MH.
If you're having troubles building MH, it could be that the problem
has already been fixed, but hasn't yet gotten into an official
release. Please see http://www.gw.com/mail/mh/patches/ for more info.
------------------------------
Subject: 02.03 What options should I use?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Tue, 1 Dec 1992 00:00:00 -0800
BERK: Do NOT include the BERK option (in versions 6.7 or later)!
BERK breaks the mh-format functions that take apart address lines,
for example mbox, from, and friendly. This would really put a crimp
on my replcomps file.
LOCKF: if you have NFS, you need to lock your mailbox with lockf()
so the lock will be honored by all machines on the local network.
If you have the lockf() system call, include LOCKF.
JQ Johnson <jqj at duff.uoregon.edu> makes the point that one
should use this option carefully since it requires a robust lockf()
call. For example, this option caused serious problems on his SunOS
4.1.1. He suggested using LOK_BELL instead, and adding "lockstyle:
1" to $MHLIB/mts.conf (mtstailor).
ATZ: makes your timezones print like "EST" instead of "-0500". Much
prettier. --Stephen Gildea <gildea at stop.mail-abuse.org>
However, Tony Landells <ahl at technix.oz.au> replies: "Yes;
very pretty. How unfortunate that timezone names are so ambiguous,
so that EST can be interpreted, at a minimum, as (American) Eastern
Standard Time, (Australian) Eastern Standard Time, or (Australian)
Eastern Summer Time (and yes, I think it's dumb having the same
acronym for both normal and Summer time, but that's a different
problem). While the numeric timezones may not look as nice, they
are, at least, reasonably unambiguous. I would urge anyone who ever
intends/hopes/expects to use email outside the U.S. to NOT use ATZ
(sorry Stephen)."
At any rate, the conf/examples directory has been updated and
contains many examples show you which options are required on your
platform and which are optional (in the upcoming version MH 6.8). At
any rate, it is recommended that you examine the options in the
example configuration files, and read about them in READ-ME.
RPATHS: a side-effect is that slocal writes messages to your system
maildrop without the MMDF C-A's that separate messages, so your BSD
tools like from work.
------------------------------
Subject: 02.04 What do I need to do to use POP?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Sep 1996 23:31:01 -0700
MH6.7 (and earlier versions too) include a server for version 3 of POP.
From: Morgan Fletcher <morgan at tupelo.best.com>
Date: 14 Mar 1996 19:24:23 -0800
Ensure that /etc/services contains the following:
pop2 109/tcp postoffice # POP version 2
pop2 109/udp
->pop 110/tcp # POP version 3 (MH's inc thinks it's "pop")
->pop 110/udp
pop3 110/tcp # POP version 3
pop3 110/udp
Also compile with the POP options: POP, DPOP, RPOP, etc.
From: Richard Coleman <coleman at math.gatech.edu>
Date: 06 Feb 1997 03:43:17 -0500
To get MH to use the pop3 service, add POPSERVICE=pop3 to your MH
configuration and recompile:
------------------------------
Subject: 02.05 Does MH support IMAP?
From: Lyndon Nerenberg <lyndon at MessagingDirect.COM>
Date: 27 Jul 1999 11:33:39 -0600
Run exmh on the laptop, and modify your .mh_profile to inc using
APOP. This is how I run mh-e and it works fine. (I did have to
modify mh-e a wee bit to allow it to prompt for the password. You
would likely have to do something similar with exmh.)
As a spare time project I'm adding enough IMAP support to MH (6.8.3)
to allow you to 'inc -imap [-imapfolder foo]'. If I ever get this
done I'll stick the diffs up somewhere. (It's not a big priority as
I can get at my IMAP INBOX using APOP.)
From: Tim Showalter <tjs at andrew.cmu.edu>, John Prevost <visigoth at cs.cmu.edu>
Date: Wed, 25 Sep 1996 21:34:56 -0400
We are developing fmh and intend to support as much of MH as is
feasible. However, MH and IMAP don't necessarily agree as to what
things are going to look like. MH has static message numbers until
you pack a folder; IMAP keeps two numbers on a message, one which is
absolutely static and one which is relative to the top of a mailbox.
Messages in IMAP are essentially immutable. IMAP doesn't
(currently) allow message annotations. fmh will keep state with a
background daemon instead of writing it to disk, and will probably
try and keep as little on disk as possible.
fmh doesn't understand MH folders at the moment, and probably won't
for a really long time, if ever. As I said before, we're mostly
interested in the IMAP aspects as we're using a networked file
system and saving stuff on the local disk just isn't an option.
fmh is not MH at a very fundamental level. It is very unlikely that
it will be merged, as we're not quite as interested in creating
something that is MH and IMAP as we are in writing a good IMAP
client. Also, the MH code isn't going to take the introduction of
IMAP without a near complete rewrite.
It is not available yet. Inquiries are welcome at
<tjs+fmh at andrew.cmu.edu>.
From: Rahul Dhesi <dhesi at rahul.net>
Date: 23 Sep 1996 08:39:52 GMT
What prevents people from doing a telnet to their mail server,
logging in, and firing up MH directly? Site policy? An operating
system that does not let MH compile or run? Overloaded machine with
insufficient processing power for MH? All these are site-specific
problems and the solution lies in solving them locally, not in
forcing MH to go over IMAP.
IMAP was never designed to emulate a filesytem. MH was designed to
make direct advantage of the filesytem structure. There is no
compatibility between the two. By the time IMAP is revised enough
to support MH you will have reinvented NFS.
There *is* scope for redesign here, though. It would be nice to
have a single-user filesystem. Create a binary telnet session to
the filesystem server, log in as yourself, and then over that
session run a filesystem protocol. Normal filesystem protections at
the other end will be sufficient for all permissions checking, so
the filesystem protocol would need to do no other permissions
checking. The question of whom to export directories to would go
away: They are exported to whoever completes a successful login, and
accessible to the user if he would be able to access them on the
server as his login id. You could even use challenge-response for
the initial login, coupled with ssh-based encryption, so you
automatically have a secure filesystem without even trying.
IMAP is too restricted in its scope to be easily modifiable to
emulate such a filesystem. It would have to be a redesign from
scratch.
From: John Romine <jromine at ics.uci.edu>
Date: Sun, 8 Sep 1996 15:45:27 -0700
No. MH only supports retrieving mail using POP3. POP3 is on the
"standards track"--it is now an elective Internet Draft Standard
(see RFC 1938 for more details). At this point, IMAP[23] are
"experimental, limited use" protocols; it is unlikely that MH will
support them.
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Sep 1996 15:45:32 -0700
Since John posted the message above, IMAP has progressed from an
"experiemental, limited use" protocol. While IMAP is not universal,
many vendors now have implementations.
I've found several things which might help. First, a definition
lifted from the Pine FAQ:
What is IMAP?
IMAP stands for "Internet Message Access Protocol". An IMAP client
program on any platform at any location on the Internet can access
email folders on an IMAP server. While the messages appear to be
local, they reside on the server until the client explicitly moves
or deletes them. The IMAP protocol is a superset of POP, containing
all POP commands plus more. For a comparison of IMAP and POP, see
the paper Comparing Two Approaches to Remote Mailbox Access: IMAP
vs. POP (in ftp.cac.washington.edu:/mail/imap.vs.pop). IMAP is what
allows Pine (or any other IMAP client) to get to email on a central
campus email server. There are current IETF working groups revising
IMAP and readying it to become an Internet standard. A copy of the
latest IMAP draft may be obtained from:
ftp://ftp.cac.washington.edu/mail/latest-imap-draft
For a list of IMAP clients, see the file imap.software, in the same
directory.
From: David L Miller <dlm at cac.washington.edu>
Date: Mon, 1 Aug 1994 00:00:00 -0800
ipop3d from the UW IMAP toolkit can operate in a couple modes. As a
straight POP3 server, it uses the same C-client library as imapd, so
it co-exists comfortably with imapd. It can also operate as a
POP-to-IMAP gateway so that your POP-only clients can access IMAP
services.
ftp://ftp.cac.washington.edu/mail/imap.tar.Z 1.0M
From: Mark Crispin <MRC at Panda.COM>
Date: Mon, 1 Aug 1994 00:00:00 -0800
The only answer I can give for [how MH users can use IMAP] is that
Pine can read mailboxes in MH format; and that someone might in the
future develop a version of MH that can use IMAP.
------------------------------
Subject: 02.06 Why does "mailgroup mail" only affect inc but not slocal?
From: John Romine <jromine at ics.uci.edu>
Date: Fri, 1 Jan 1993 00:00:00 -0800
If "mailgroup" is set, inc is made set-group-id to this group name.
Some SYS5 systems want this to be set to "mail". Set this if
/usr/spool/mail (or /usr/mail) is not world-writable. These
changes were contributed by Peter Marvit, and "inc" is very careful
about its use of the set-gid privilege.
Note that slocal doesn't know how to deal with this, and will not
work under these systems; just making it set-group-id will open a
security hole (since it doesn't know when to drop the set-gid
privileges). If you're using "mailgroup", you should remove slocal
(and its man page) from your system.
Alternatives to slocal include deliver, procmail, and mailagent.
(See "What mail filters are available?")
------------------------------
Subject: 02.07 How can I build MH on Solaris 2?
From: Richard Coleman <coleman at math.gatech.edu>
Date: Tue, 20 Jan 1998 02:19:58 -0500
nmh builds out of the box on Solaris.
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Sep 1996 15:56:31 -0700
See http://www.gw.com/mail/mh/patches/solaris/ for patches you may need.
From: Neil Rickert <rickert at cs.niu.edu>,
Scott K. Hutton <shutton at habanero.ucs.indiana.edu>,
Casper H.S. Dik <casper at fwi.uva.nl>
Date: Sun, 8 Sep 1996 15:57:25 -0700
First, don't use the BSD compatible stuff. Make sure that the Sun
or GNU compiler appear before the BSD compiler in your PATH (e.g.,
/usr/ccs/bin).
Second, don't use GNU make. Make sure that the Sun make appears
before the GNU make in your PATH.
Use conf/examples/solaris2.sun.com and fix the paths, if necessary.
Optionally change the following to use the GNU compiler, to perform
optimization, and to create shared libraries.
cc gcc
ccoptions -O -g -msupersparc
slflags -shared
Fix mhn.c with the diff in
http://www.gw.com/mail/mh/patches/solaris/si_value_2.3.
Optionally incorporate the Content-Length header fix. (See "How can
I get MH to interpret the Content-Length field?")
Linking with /usr/ucblib/libucb.so is incompatible with including
<dirent.h>.
When compiling, you can ignore the following warning:
fmtcompile.c", line 238: warning: semantics of "/" change in ANSI C;
use explicit cast
If you're using AFS, you'll have to replace any occurrence of "ln"
with "ln -s" wherever the make dies when it tries to make a link
"on a different file system."
See also ftp://ftp.fwi.uva.nl/pub/solaris/solaris2.faq.
Date: Thu, 1 Dec 1994 00:00:00 -0800
Unset LD_LIBRARY_PATH.
From: Gary Strand <strandwg at ncar.ucar.edu>
Date: Mon, 1 May 1995 00:00:00 -0800
To cure slocal's Segmentation Fault problems, I decided to try 'cc'
instead of 'gcc' (an alleged no-no under Solaris) and MH built just
fine, and it's working perfectly.
From: "Jason R. Mastaler" <jason at Mastaler.COM>
Date: Mon, 25 Sep 1995 17:35:13 -0400
Don't use "ldoptions -s" with gcc. It may cause the compile to fail
with:
gcc: Internal compiler error: program ld got fatal signal 11
*** Error code 1
From: "Jeffrey T. Eaton" <jeaton at galt.com>
Date: Fri, 04 Apr 1997 15:30:36 GMT
Fixed [DBM_PAGFNO_NOT_AVAILABLE error] by getting the latest gdbm
package, compiling and installing it and the dbm/ndbm compatability
stuff, and moving Sun's broken ndbm.h out of /usr/include.
To fix "../sbr/libmh.so: undefined reference to
`__builtin_va_arg_incr'", add "option __BUILTIN_VA_ARG_INCR" to your
MH configuration.
------------------------------
Subject: 02.08 How can I build MH on Linux?
From: Richard Coleman <coleman at math.gatech.edu>
Date: Tue, 20 Jan 1998 02:19:58 -0500
nmh should build out of the box for most Linux systems.
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Tue, 9 Feb 1999 23:04:53 -0800
The Debian distribution of Linux comes with an MH and nmh packages. See
http://www.debian.org/.
See also http://www.gw.com/mail/mh/patches/linux/.
From: "James A. Robinson" <jimr at simons-rock.edu>
Date: 17 Apr 96 20:39:02 GMT
Somebody on Debian ported it to Linux ELF. Look on
ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian/stable/binary/mail/mh_6.8.4-13.deb for
the .deb package of MH (it's a compressed tar file). The source is
in ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian/stable/source/mail/mh_6.8.4-orig.tar.gz
and mh_6.8.4-13.diff.gz.
From: Brian Kirouac <bri at psa.pencom.com>
Date: 18 Apr 96 14:00:20 GMT
If you are running Redhat and have rpm available you can also use
ftp://???/pub/redhat-3.0.3/i386/RedHat/RPMS/mh-6.8.3-5.i386.rpm.
The source code is in
ftp://???/pub/redhat-3.0.3/i386/SRPMS/mh-6.8.3-5.i386.rpm
From: "Brandon S. Allbery" <bsa at kf8nh.wariat.org>
Date: Sun, 26 Nov 1995 16:18:50 -0800
The current patch is the first one listed below. The old patch only
works with libc-4.4, which is no longer used. The current patch is
split into two pieces, as with the previous patch, but now the
divisions are purely functional: the first diff enables MH to
compile, the second allows creation of a shared library. [Ed: The
paths are up to date, but I think the info in this paragraph is
old.]
Recent versions of GNU make choke on MH's makefiles. Unfortunately,
the shared library patches depend on "export". If you have problems
building MH, remove the "export" lines from all of the makefiles (if
you applied the shared library patches) and try using BSD pmake
instead.
If you don't want to compile MH, the second file contains
pre-compiled ready-to-run binaries which can simply be extracted in
the root directory.
ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/Mail/readers/mh-6.8.3-diffs.tar.gz
ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/Mail/readers/mh-6.8.3-bin.tar.gz
The sizes are 650k and 22k respectively.
Note that these files are occasionally "cleaned up" by accident so
please let me know if they are missing.
------------------------------
Subject: 02.09 How can I build MH on IRIX?
From: Richard Coleman <coleman at math.gatech.edu>
Date: Tue, 20 Jan 1998 02:19:58 -0500
nmh should build out of the box for Irix.
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Sep 1996 15:33:22 -0700
See http://www.gw.com/mail/mh/patches/sgi/ for patches you may need.
From: Arne K. Frick <frick at info.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Date: 06 Jun 1995 18:30:01 GMT
There is a file at viz.tamu.edu:/pub/sgi (see FAQ) containing a diff
and sample configuration. If you cannot locate it, I can mail it to
you. Note, however, that I had tremendous difficulties with them
under 5.3:
1. Be sure to use /bin/make, NOT GNU make.
2. patch vomits over the diff. You can get around this by increasing the
"fuzz factor" to 4.
3. The Makefile target for the shared library doesn't work. I had to do it
by hand.
But I'm stuck compiling mhn.c.
From: Shankar Unni <shankar at sgi.com>
Date: 9 Jun 1995 01:53:48 GMT
The fix for compiling mhn.c is in
http://www.gw.com/mail/mh/patches/solaris/si_value_2.3.
From: Jack Repenning <jackr at informix.com>
Date: 25 Jul 1995 02:35:41 GMT
(See "IRIX config file") below.
------------------------------
Subject: 02.10 How can I get MH to interpret the Content-Length field?
From: Casper H.S. Dik <Casper.Dik at Holland.Sun.COM>
Date: Sun, 8 Sep 1996 15:38:30 -0700
Apply http://www.gw.com/mail/mh/patches/solaris/content_length to
your MH distribution and add the configuration option
"CONTENT_LENGTH". It also includes the si_ fix in
http://www.gw.com/mail/mh/patches/solaris/si_value_2.3
------------------------------
Subject: 02.11 How can I build MH on HP-UX?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Sep 1996 15:50:54 -0700
If you find that your zotnet/tws directory isn't compiling, upgrade
your MH (see "What is the current version/status of MH?") which
includes fixes to lexedit.sed.
See http://www.gw.com/mail/mh/patches/hp/ for for patches you may need.
------------------------------
Subject: 02.12 Can I prevent adding the local hostname to addresses behind firewalls?
From: Ted Remillard <tedr at hood.sd.com>
Date: 24 Jun 1996 08:53:42 -0700
You can get MH to stop managing the headers and let the email server
to do it. To do this, build MH with the options DUMB and REALLYDUMB.
In the $MHLIB/mts.conf (mtstailor) file, set the server option to
the IP address of the email server. After this is done, MH sends
email directly to the email server and Local email To: and From:
fields just have the user's simple email address, e.g., <fred>, and
the remote email From: header will contain user@domainname, e.g.,
<fred@sd.com>.
Don't forget to define the REALLYDUMB option in the file
sbr/addrsbr.c described below.
From: Bret Rothenberg <bretr at endeavour.exar.com>
Date: Tue, 23 Jan 1996 12:25:24 -0800 (PST)
Yes, use the "localname" parameter in "$MHLIB/mts.conf" (mtstailor)
to specify the desired hostname.
From: Ken Hornstein <kenh at cmf.nrl.navy.mil>
Date: 18 Aug 1995 23:51:48 -0400
If you're behind a firewall and sendmail gives you fits because MH
adds the node name or site name to each address in the To: and CC:
fields, you'll need to modify the MH source.
The relevant source has to do with the REALLYDUMB option in
sbr/addrsbr.c. Essentially what you need to do is set it up so
REALLYDUMB is turned on (normally, it's turned off if you have MMDF
or SMTP turned on). This will do what you want. I did this at our
site, and it's been working great. The stuff for REALLYDUMB starts
around line 613.
------------------------------
Subject: 02.13 Is there a patch to fix this or that?
From: Kimmo Suominen <kim at tac.nyc.ny.us>
Date: Sat, 3 Mar 2001 13:40:35 -0800
The MH Patch Archive has been opened at
http://www.gw.com/mail/mh/patches/
ftp://ftp.gw.com/mail/mh/patches/
It is a collection of patches to MH (the RAND MH Message Handling
System), a set of electronic mail programs in the public domain.
Since the last complete release of MH (version 6.8.3) UNIX systems
have evolved making changes in the MH code necessary. Several new
UNIX systems have emerged requiring new configuration templates and
examples. This archive tries to collect all these fixes and
enhancements that in the past have been available only through
word-of-mouth and occasional reposts to newsgroups or mailing lists.
The initial archive layout and the very time consuming collecting
and categorizing of patches has been done by Jerry Peek.
I will be the primary maintainer of the archive. Even though I will
be monitoring several sources for new material (mainly the
comp.mail.mh newsgroup but also the mailing lists
<mh-workers at ics.uci.edu>, <mh-e-users at lists.sourceforge.net> and
<exmh-workers at redhat.com>), I'd like to encourage everyone to submit
patches also directly to the archive at <mh-archive at gw.com>.
------------------------------
Subject: 02.14 How can I build MH on OS/2?
From: Sanjay Aiyagari <sanjay at sandbox.snetnsa.com>
Date: 21 Nov 1996 19:37:10 GMT
ftp://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/os/os2/network/MH/
------------------------------
Subject: 02.15 Do any POP/IMAP servers handle MH format?
From: "Carl S. Gutekunst" <csg at eng.sun.com>
Date: 27 May 1997 07:24:34 GMT
The University of Washington POP3 and IMAP servers can be backended
by a variety of stores, including MH. This is the basis for
Netscape's store, curiously enough. I haven't looked closely at how
Mark Crispin implemented support for the new IMAP4 features when
using an MH backend; it seems like there is a lot of computation
when opening a folder for the first time, writing in the UID fields
and such. But it basically appears to work.
From: Lyndon Nerenberg <lyndon at MessagingDirect.COM>
Date: 27 Jul 1999 11:36:25 -0600
But [the UW IMAP server] can't delete/expunge from MH folders. (At
least I've never been able to get it to work, and I've tried just
about everything.) #mh in UW imapd isn't something I'd recommend to
any serious MH user.
From: Mark Crispin <mrc at CAC.Washington.EDU>
Date: Tue, 27 Jul 1999 14:43:25 -0700
> But it can't delete/expunge from MH folders.
That's a very old version. delete/expunge has been in imap-4.x for a
long while. However, there's no sticky flags.
> #mh in UW imapd isn't something I'd recommend to any serious MH user.
The converse is also true. The two don't play ball very well.
------------------------------
Subject: 03.00 ***** Scanning & Reading *****
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
------------------------------
Subject: 03.01 What do I do if scan shows the wrong date?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Jan 1993 00:00:00 -0800
Upgrade to MH 6.8 or nmh.
From: Darryl Okahata <darrylo at sr.hp.com>
Date: 19 Jan 2000 23:01:10 -0800
MH 6.8.3 and nmh 1.0 still have a minor buglet where sortm doesn't
always sort messages properly. If a (questionable) mail client sends
messages with 2-digit years, like:
Date: Sat, 23 Oct 09 22:02:01 EST
or sends out buggy dates like (as buggy versions of Elm do):
Date: Sat, 23 Oct 100 22:02:01 EST
then sortm will not sort these messages properly.
I have submitted patches to nmh-workers.
------------------------------
Subject: 03.02 How would one go about reading Usenet with MH?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Sun, 26 Nov 1995 12:32:09 -0800
You can post via mail. Send your article to
<mail2news at news.demon.co.uk> with a legitimate Newsgroups
field.
From: Jerry Peek <jpeek at jpeek.com>
Date: Tue, 1 Nov 1994 00:00:00 -0800
You can save articles in the news readers for later perusal with MH.
First, create a symbolic link from your mail directory (e.g., usenet) to
your news directory (e.g., "ln -s ~/News ~/Mail/usenet"). You can then
treat your news directory as a mail folder. Thus, to select a news
group, use "folder +usenet/comp/mail/mh".
To set the default save location correctly in rn, use:
rn -M -/
or in your nn presentation sequence:
news.announce. +$F/$N
comp.mail.mh +
.
.
If there's news spooled on your machine (that is, not via NNTP) then
you can read a newsgroup with commands like:
show first +/usr/spool/news/comp/mail/mh
next
...
You can also use sequences to keep track of what you've read. MH
will automatically set a "cur" sequence in each newsgroup you read
that way. So, to continue reading the newsgroup sometime later,
after you've read some other folder, you can do:
next +/usr/spool/news/comp/mail/mh
and you'll read the next (new) article (if any) in that newsgroup.
Note that this can eventually make your private context file pretty
huge; if there's a group you don't read often, you can remove its
context entries with a command like:
rmf +/usr/spool/news/comp/mail/mh
Don't try that on a folder full of mail (a folder that isn't
read-only), though... in that case, it'll remove all the messages!
I haven't looked into posting. It seems like it shouldn't be hard.
You could set up a "sendproc" that would look at outgoing email
messages. If the message had a Newsgroups: header field, your
sendproc could call inews(1) instead of post(8). I haven't seen
much in the MH manpages or documentation about sendprocs (though I
haven't looked for a couple of years...). See the "mysend"
script in the MH book section 7.1.4 (13.13), or the URL:
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/mh/senove.htm#ASAtDm
A threaded news reader like trn or tin is so much nicer, though,
that reading news with MH may not be worth the hassle.
See also MH book section 9.9 (8.7), or the URL:
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/mh/shafol.htm
From: Stephen Gildea <gildea at stop.mail-abuse.org>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
Although news readers are better, if one really wants to use
MH, bbc will do the job. For example, "bbc comp.mail.mh" reads this
newsgroup. To enable bbc, you have to specify "bboards" when you
build MH.
From: Kimmo Suominen <kim at tac.nyc.ny.us>
Date: 15 Aug 1996 18:18:10 GMT
Sendmail v8 comes with MAILER(pop) which was written for the MH
spop. Since I use bboards with NNTP, I never looked at the bboards
setup.
Date: Tue, 1 Nov 1994 00:00:00 -0800
See mhunify in (see also "What other MH software is
available?").
------------------------------
Subject: 03.03 How can I search through multiple folders?
From: Jerry Peek <jpeek at jpeek.com>
Date: Mon, 1 Mar 1993 00:00:00 -0800
Recurse through the folders (in csh and sh):
% foreach f (`folders -f`) $ for f in `folders -f`
? pick [switches] +$f > pick [switches] +$f
? end > done
Or create a folder that contains links to all messages (in csh and sh):
% foreach f (`folders -f | grep -v -x ln`)
? refile -src +$f -link all +ln
? end
$ for f in `folders -f | grep -v -x ln`
> do refile -src +$f -link all +ln
> done
and in the future, refile messages with "refile +folder +ln". To
find something, use:
% pick [switches] +ln
See MH book sections 8.2.9 (7.2.9), 8.9.3 (7.8.3), or the URLs:
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/mh/finpic.htm#SeMTOnFo
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/mh/usilin.htm#AFoFuoLi
------------------------------
Subject: 03.04 Why don't MH format commands such as %(friendly) work?
From: Anthony Baxter <anthony at aaii.oz.au>
Date: Sun, 1 May 1994 00:00:00 -0800
The BERK option disables address parsing and therefore functions
such as %(friendly). Recompile MH without the BERK option.
------------------------------
Subject: 03.05 Why doesn't "show" display all of a MIME message?
From: Jerry Peek <jpeek at jpeek.com>
Date: Mon, 1 Aug 1994 00:00:00 -0800
It's not the fault of the "show" command or of MH in general. It's
your system's configuration. Check the $MHLIB/mhn.defaults
(mhn_defaults) file; if it doesn't have defaults for all content
types, add them. Or, if you can't (or shouldn't) change mhn.defaults
(mhn_defaults), you can put default entries in your MH profile file
for those content types.
Here's the part of the mhshow(1) (mhn(1)) manpage that explains how
content types are handled. The example is for mhshow, but if you're
using mhn, you'd replace mhshow with mhn:
First, mhshow will look for an entry of the form:
mhshow-show-<type>/<subtype>
to determine the command to use to display the content. If this
isn't found, mhshow will look for an entry of the form:
mhshow-show-<type>
to determine the display command. If this isn't found, mhshow has
two default values:
mhshow-show-text/plain: %pmoreproc '%F'
mhshow-show-message/rfc822: %pshow -file '%F'
If neither apply, mhshow will check to see if the message has a
application/octet-stream content with parameter "type=tar". If so,
mhshow will use an appropriate command. If not, mhshow will
complain.
So, add defaults that cover the types MH doesn't handle right now
(or doesn't handle the way you want it to). Your defaults will
override corresponding defaults in the $MHLIB/mhn.defaults
(mhn_defaults) file. For example, if you don't have an HTML
editor/browser on your system, you could tell MH to use the "less"
paginator for HTML message parts:
mhshow-show-text/x-html: less %F
You can put that line in your MH profile.
You can even set different defaults for different terminal types
(say, your VT100 at home and your X setup at work). Make a file in
the same format as mhn.defaults (mhn_defaults); store its pathname
in the MHSHOW (MHN) environment variable. Add a test to your shell
setup file (.bash_profile, .profile, .login) that tests the value of
the TERM variable -- and, if you have an mhshow (mhn) setup file for
that terminal type, store its pathname in the MHSHOW (MHN) variable.
See also MH book sections 6.2.3, 9.4.4, 9.4.5, or the URLs:
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/mh/remime.htm#HomhShMe
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/mh/confmhn.htm#ShComhsh
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/mh/confmhn.htm#DiOChSmc
From: Michael K. Neylon <mneylon at engin.umich.edu>
Date: Tue, 1 Nov 1994 00:00:00 -0800
If you are not using the X Window System, you may have to add this
line to your MH profile:
mhshow-charset-iso-8859-1: /bin/sh -c '%s' # nmh
mhn-charset-iso-8859-1: /bin/sh -c '%s' # MH
------------------------------
Subject: 03.06 Can I get show not to run "less" so much on MIME messages?
From: Richard Coleman <coleman at math.gatech.edu>
Date: Tue, 20 Jan 1998 02:19:58 -0500
On nmh, you can do this just by "show -nocheckmime". This will disable
the detection of MIME messages.
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Tue, 1 Nov 1994 00:00:00 -0800
If you say, "show all," and one of the messages was a MIME message,
your pager will be run several times on each message, rather than
once on all the messages as a whole. If you find this annoying, set
the environment variable NOMHNPROC:
% setenv NOMHNPROC "" # csh
$ NOMHNPROC= # sh and bash
$ export NOMHNPROC
See also MH book sections 6.2.3, 6.2.10, or the URLs:
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/mh/remime.htm#HomhShMe
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/mh/remime.htm#Alttomhn
------------------------------
Subject: 03.07 Why do I get "mhn: don't know how to display content"?
From: Richard Coleman <coleman at math.gatech.edu>
Date: Tue, 20 Jan 1998 02:19:58 -0500
This has already been fixed in nmh.
From: Keith Moore <moore at cs.utk.edu>
Date: Sun, 8 Sep 1996 15:49:50 -0700
MH 6.8.3 has a bug where it will not handle multipart/foo correctly
if it doesn't know about foo. The patch:
http://www.gw.com/mail/mh/patches/all/mhn_multipart
tells it to treat such things as if they were multipart/mixed.
(See also "Why doesn't "show" display all of a MIME message?").
------------------------------
Subject: 03.08 How can I automatically delete MH backup files?
From: mccammaa at expt05.stp.xfi.bp.com (Andy McCammont)
Date: 22 May 1995 06:27:36 -0400
On System V system, add this to your crontab. If you don't have
one, put this in a file, and run "crontab file". If your system
does not support personal crontab files, get your system
administrator to add an equivalent line to the system crontab file
or daily clean-up script. Note that some administrators set the
prefix character to '#'.
# Remove old MH files
5 5 * * * find /PATH/TO/HOME/Mail -name ",*" -mtime +5 -exec rm {} \;
------------------------------
Subject: 03.09 Fixing "cannot fopen and lock /var/spool/mail/(user)".
From: Patrick.Wambacq at esat.kuleuven.ac.be
Date: Mon, 30 Sep 96 15:00:16 +0200
One should put the following lines in the $MHLIB/mts.conf
(mtstailor) file:
lockldir:
lockstyle: 1
This prevents MH from using kernel level locking, and uses lock
files instead. It solved the problem for me on two different
architectures. When the lockldir entry is left empty as above, the
lock file is put in the same directory as the file to be locked. If
another directory is wanted, its name should be put here.
From: alhy at MAILBOX.SLAC.Stanford.EDU
Date: Mon, 9 Sep 1996 01:01:16 -0700
Often, this is caused by an NFS file lock. Don't ask me how it got
there in the first place. To remove the file lock, do the following:
# cd /var/spool/mail
# cp user /tmp/user.tmp; rm user # save mail; remove locked file
# chown user /tmp/user.tmp # allow user to inc old mail
# su - user
user% inc -file user.tmp # incorporate user's old mail
Any mail that you receive in the fraction of a second that the second
set of commands takes will be lost.
(See also "Why does inc hang (on Sun)?")
------------------------------
Subject: 03.10 Can I read my mail with a Web browser?
Date: Mon, 05 Oct 1998 11:02:52 -0500
From: Kent Landfield <kent at nfr.net>
Hypermail now supports MIME and alternate mailbox formats and sorts
by author, date, and thread and can be read by a WWW reader.
http://www.landfield.com/hypermail/
From: "Patrick A. Coronato" <coronato at me216.teb.allied.com>
Date: 8 Sep 1995 16:36:03 GMT
MHonArc, by Earl Hood from Convex, will read MH mailboxes as well as
Unix mailboxes, create HTML "archives" and will also sort by date,
thread and author and has support for MIME. Also, MHonArc is
written in the Perl (version 4) language. (You should go to this
site if nothing more than to see the cool logo!)
http://www.oac.uci.edu/indiv/ehood/mhonarc.html
------------------------------
Subject: 03.11 How can I run inc automatically with POP?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Nov 1995 12:23:51 -0800
If MH has been compiled with RPOP, then the POP server host either
needs to have your host in /etc/hosts.equiv or in your .rhosts file.
Then add to your MH profile:
inc: -host cuckoo
given that "cuckoo" is the name of the your POP server.
From: Andy Norman <ange at hplb.hpl.hp.com>
Date: Mon, 1 May 1995 00:00:00 -0800
Assuming your POP server is called cuckoo, add an entry to your MH
profile for 'inc' like so:
inc: -noaudit -norpop -noapop -host cuckoo
Add the following to ~/.netrc and ensure it is readable only by you
(e.g., chmod 600 .netrc):
machine cuckoo.domain.name login joeuser password secret
Replace the hostname, login and password with your own, of course.
The hostname probably has to be fully qualified (i.e., include the
full domain name). This example assumes that you can send mail by
other means (e.g., with SMTP).
------------------------------
Subject: 03.12 Why does inc hang (on Sun)?
From: ericding at mit.edu (Eric J. Ding)
Date: 30 Apr 1996 00:22:01 -0400
This may be due to a non-robust implementation of lockf() over NFS.
Try setting lockstyle to 1 in the $MHLIB/mts.conf (mtstailor) file
so that MH uses dotfile locking rather than FLOCK or LOCKF.
------------------------------
Subject: 03.12 How can I get POP to work?
From: Jonathan George <jmg at hpopd.pwd.hp.com>
Date: Tue, 23 Apr 1996 10:23:16 GMT
If you get the error:
inc: -ERR Unknown command: "rpop"
you're trying to use "rpop" as the mechanism to authenticate the
user. This mechanism is specified in RFC 1225 and then removed by
RFC 1460.
Your POP server is (rightly) rejecting this.
The POP specification (RFC 1938) states that authentication is done
either via a USER/PASS pair or via the APOP command.
Try running inc with -noapop -norpop flags.
------------------------------
Subject: 03.13 How do I persuade mhshow (mhn) not to bring up a new window?
From: Larry Daffner <ldaffner at convex.com>
Date: 27 Mar 1996 16:53:39 -0600
Add one of the following to your .mh_profile:
mhshow-charset-iso-8859-1: %s # nmh
mhn-charset-iso-8859-1: %s # MH
------------------------------
Subject: 03.14 How do I turn off of all the mhshow (mhn) prompts?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Sun, 11 Mar 2001 11:33:10 -0800
In nmh, use mhshow -nopause.
From: Larry Daffner <ldaffner at convex.com>
Date: 27 Mar 1996 16:53:39 -0600
The "part xxx" message is controlled by the -list switch to mhn so
add "mhn: -nolist" to your .mh_profile. To remove the pause, add an
entry for "mhn-show-text/plain: more '%F'" to override the default
which includes the "%p" escape. All of this is covered in the mhn
man page (sort of--you need to add 2+2). It's a bit long, but well
worth reading.
------------------------------
Subject: 03.15 Why is inc splitting messages improperly?
From: Mayank Choudhary <micky at eng.sun.com>
Date: Mon, 29 Apr 1996 09:39:29 -0700
MH considers "From " lines as message separators, so if this string
is found within the body, inc splits the message.
Add the following line to your .forward
"|/usr/bin/mailcompat <user-name>"
where user-name is your login-id.
See mailcompat(1) for more information.
------------------------------
Subject: 03.16 Can MH thread messages?
From: "John W. Coomes" <jcoomes at delirius.cs.uiuc.edu>
Date: 30 Apr 1997 13:02:10 -0500
Sort of. You can resort your folders by Subject with:
sortm -textfield subject
------------------------------
Subject: 03.17 How can I avoid reading the HTML version of the message?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at gbr.newt.com>
Date: 23 Jun 2000 10:19:34 -0700
You might find that you have two versions of the same message within
the message. For example, one part might have a content type of
text/plain and the other might be text/html.
You may find that mhshow (mhn -show) wants to show the HTML version
This is a feature of the multipart/alternative content type. If you
prefer reading the the plain text version over the HTML version,
you'd have to remove the line in $MHLIB/mhn.defaults or
~/.mh_profile that starts with mhshow-show-text/html
(mhn-show-text/html). Of course, the tradeoff is that you'd never be
able to view text/html at all, but you probably wouldn't care.
------------------------------
Subject: 03.18 How do I view or save attachments?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at gbr.newt.com>
Date: Mon, 5 Mar 2001 09:12:15 -0800
Use mhshow (mhn -show) and mhstore (mhn -store) respectively. See
the man pages for more details.
------------------------------
Subject: 03.19 How do I view HTML attachments with Netscape?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at gbr.newt.com>
Date: Mon, 5 Mar 2001 09:58:05 -0800
Add one of the following to ~/.mh_profile:
mhshow-show-text/html: %lnetscape -remote 'openURL(file:%f, new-window)'
mhn-show-text/html: %lnetscape -remote 'openURL(file:%f, new-window)'
The % escapes are described in the mhshow (mhn) man page. The
", new-window" argument in the netscape invocation is optional, but
handy. After reading the message, you can dismiss the window with
M-w and go back to reading mail.
------------------------------
Subject: 04.00 ***** Filing *****
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
------------------------------
Subject: 04.01 Can I append MH messages to a Unix mailbox format file?
From: Richard Coleman <coleman at math.gatech.edu>
Date: Tue, 20 Jan 1998 02:19:58 -0500
In nmh, use packf instead.
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Jan 1993 00:00:00 -0800
Yes, see $MHLIB/packmbox.
------------------------------
Subject: 04.02 Can I append MH messages to a GNU Emacs rmail BABYL-format file?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
To convert your MH folders to BABYL folders, first run the following script
on your Mail directory.
#!/bin/sh
for f in Mail/*; do
if [ -d $f ]; then
touch msgbox
folder=`basename $f`
echo -n packing $folder ...
packf +$folder
echo done
mv msgbox Mail-rmail/$folder
fi
done
This assumes you don't have nested folders. Your rmail folders will be
left in $HOME/Mail-rmail in MMDF format which rmail can read. Then run
rmail-input for each folder, which converts each folder into BABYL format.
Be sure not to append any messages before they are converted from MMDF
to BABYL, since there may be really strange results.
------------------------------
Subject: 04.03 Why do I get ".../.mh_sequences is poorly formatted?"
From: Richard Coleman <coleman at math.gatech.edu>
Date: Tue, 20 Jan 1998 02:19:58 -0500
This bug has been fixed in nmh (as of version 0.20). There are no
limitations on the length of an entry in the .mh_sequences file.
From: Jerry Peek <jpeek at jpeek.com>
Date: Mon, 1 Aug 1994 00:00:00 -0800
There is a line length limit in this file. When sequences are
unbroken (without gaps in numbering), that makes short entries in
the .mh_sequences file, like this:
inftex: 72-8000
But when there are lots of numbering gaps, the entry gets long:
inftex: 76 79-81 87 95-96 105 109 120 124 135 141 158 163...
That's when you run into problems, and why it's good to keep the
folder packed when you can. Simply run "folder -pack +folder".
If you're refiling a lot of messages in a large folder, you might
not be able to use sequences. Use backquotes to give the message
numbers directly to "refile". For example:
refile +tex/info-tex `pick -to info-tex`
That can still generate a long list of arguments to the "refile" command,
and some Unixes can't handle that. In that case, use xargs(1):
pick -to info-tex | xargs refile +tex/info-tex
If worse comes to worst, fire up a Bourne shell and use a "while" loop:
pick -to info-tex | fmt | while read nums; do
refile +tex/info-tex $nums
done
The fmt(1) command breaks long lines into manageable chunks of 72
characters or so, splitting arguments at whitespace. When you redirect
the input of a while loop, a "read" command will read the incoming text
and store it in a shell variable line by line. This is a quick-&-dirty
way to write xargs(1) if you don't have it.
------------------------------
Subject: 04.04 How can you save News articles into an MH folder?
From: Jerry Peek <jpeek at jpeek.com>
Date: Mon, 1 May 1995 00:00:00 -0800
If your newsreader handles backquotes on its command line, you can use
the mhpath command. For instance, if your "save" command is "s":
s `mhpath new +somefolder`
Or if your newsreader lets you define your own commands, as in shell
aliases, you could define that as a command.
If your newsreader can pipe an article to the standard input of a
program, use the "rcvstore" command (in the MH library). For instance,
if your "pipe" command is "|":
| $MHLIB/rcvstore +somefolder
Of course, you can also put that in a little shell script.
------------------------------
Subject: 04.05 Are there any good tools to archive MH messages?
From: glimpse at cs.arizona.edu
Date: Sun, 4 Mar 2001 10:26:24 -0800
Glimpse is a very powerful indexing and query system that allows you
to search through all your files very quickly. It can be used by
individuals for their personal file systems as well as by
organizations for large data collections.
http://www.webglimpse.org/
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Sun, 26 Nov 1995 17:10:59 -0800
For those of lesser means, I have three shell scripts for archiving,
seeking, and extracting MH messages that I have been using for
almost 10 years. Send mail if interested. Note that I intend to
switch to Glimpse if I get a moment.
------------------------------
Subject: 04.06 How can I remove duplicate messages?
From: Jerry Peek <jpeek at jpeek.com>
Date: 20 Nov 1995 18:51:24 GMT
The easiest way I know of is to sort the folder by the Message-ID
field using the sortm(1) command.
After the sort, each message should be next to its duplicates in the
folder. Use a script (shell, Perl, etc.) to weed out the
duplicates. (See "Removing duplicate messages (Bourne)").
The Perl script in (see "Removing dupicate messages (Perl)) does not
require that you first sort the folder.
------------------------------
Subject: 04.07 How can I remove holes in numbering?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
folder -pack
------------------------------
Subject: 05.00 ***** Composing & Replying *****
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
------------------------------
Subject: 05.01 Why does repl add a "Re:" to a message that already has one?
From: Larry McVoy <lm at slovax.Eng.Sun.COM>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
I carefully reconfigured and rebuilt MH from scratch and the problem
went away.
------------------------------
Subject: 05.02 How do I include messages in repl with or without ">"?
From: Richard Coleman <coleman at math.gatech.edu>
Date: Tue, 20 Jan 1998 02:19:58 -0500
In nmh, to include a message in a reply with a leading ">", just
use "repl -format".
From: Alan Thew <qq11 at liv.ac.uk>, Mike Schwager <schwager at cs.uiuc.edu>,
James T Perkins <jamesp at sp-eug.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Jan 1993 00:00:00 -0800
When making a reply, specify a filter file on the command line:
repl -filter repl.format
This filter file must be in your MH mail directory (usually "Mail",
in your home directory). Here are a couple of example repl.format
files:
overflowtext="",overflowoffset=0
message-id:nocomponent,formatfield=\
"In message %{text}you write:"
body:component=">",overflowtext=">",overflowoffset=0
or
overflowtext="",overflowoffset=0
date:component="Your message dated",formatfield=\
"%<(nodate{text})%{text}%|%(pretty{text})%>"
body:component=">",overflowtext=">",overflowoffset=0
Setting overflowoffset to 0 keeps MH from doing anything to
extra-long lines in the headers. In the body, however, this
behavior is overridden so that long lines are automatically broken
and a ">" is inserted before every line. You could put almost
whatever you want between those quotes, although the "standard" ">"
makes it easier to read notes that have been included several times.
The examples differ with the descriptive text that is inserted
before the included body.
It is suggested not to use the "prompter" editor in this case, since
it is likely that you'll not want to use all of the included
message. Indeed, it is proper etiquette to edit out all unnecessary
include verbiage so readers don't have to wade through the morass to
read your pearls of wisdom.
WARNING: the '>' appears on the first line ONLY in versions prior
to 6.7.2. Upgrade to MH 6.8.
See also MH book sections 7.8.4 (6.7.4), 7.8.5 (6.7.5), 10.4.1 (9.4.1),
or the URLs:
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/mh/reprep-2.htm#ReaEdi
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/mh/reprep-2.htm#Inc
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/mh/verrep.htm#IncRep
------------------------------
Subject: 05.03 How can I eliminate duplicate copies of letters to myself?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
Add these two lines to your MH profile file:
Alternate-Mailboxes: user@host1, user@host2, ...
repl: -nocc me
The Alternate-Mailboxes also tells scan which messages are really
from you so that it can place the recipient in the scan line instead
of the sender.
From: Jerry Peek <jpeek at jpeek.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
To get one copy, you can either:
- Take out the "-nocc me"... then you'll get exactly one copy of
your replies (assuming all your addresses are listed in
Alternate-Mailboxes), or
- (See also "How can I save a copy of all messages I send?").
For more info, see the man pages comp(1),
repl(1), forw(1), dist(1) and mh-mail(5).
See also MH book sections 7.8.2 (6.7.2), 9.8 (8.6), or the URLs:
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/mh/reprep-2.htm#Sel
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/mh/defmai.htm
From: Alec Wolman <wolman at crl.dec.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
Listing the name of a mailing list in Alternate-Mailboxes is also a
convenient way to AVOID automatically cc-ing a mailing list when
replying to a person who sent the message to the mailing-list.
From: Andre Srinivasan <asriniva at us.oracle.com>
Date: Fri, 24 Jan 1997 09:33:19 -0800
Rather than specify the hostname as part of the mailbox, you can
simply specify the username and it will match on any host:
Alternate-Mailboxes: asriniva
------------------------------
Subject: 05.04 How can I include my signature?
From: Eric W. Ziegast <ziegast at uunet.uu.net>,
Hardy Mayer <hardy at golem.ps.uci.edu>
Date: Tue, 1 Nov 1994 00:00:00 -0800
There are several ways.
1) The MH way.
1a) In your Mail directory, create files that
include your signature into the format of the message.
~/Mail/components:
To:
cc:
Subject:
--------
--
Eric Ziegast ziegast at uunet.uu.net
UUNET Technologies uunet!ziegast
~/Mail/replfmt
body:component="> ",compwidth=2
:--
:Eric Ziegast ziegast at uunet.uu.net
:UUNET Technologies uunet!ziegast
To use the replfmt file, add the following to your ~/.mh_profile:
repl: -filter replfmt
When comp is used, your signature is already there along with my
headers. When repl is used, the mhl program takes the body of
the letter you're replying to, prepends '> ' to each line and
then adds your signature at the end (available after version
6.7).
1b) Create an "editor" which can be called from whatnow to add the
signature when desired or create a frontend to post (use the
.mh_profile line "postproc: postproc" to call it) that always
appends the .signature file before calling post to mail the
message. David J. Fiander <david at golem.uucp>, David A.
Truesdell <truesdel at nas.nasa.gov> and Tom Wilmore
<sastjw at unx.sas.com> have sample scripts to do these.
From: Jerry Peek <jpeek at jpeek.com>
Date: Tue, 1 Sep 1992 00:00:00 -0800
1c) mysend, a sendproc script, processes a message after
"What now? send". See "What references exist for MH" to see
where the MH book scripts can be ftped from. The script is
explained in MH book Section 7.1.4 (13.13), or the URL:
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/mh/senove.htm#ASAtDm
2) Using your editor. If you use vi, you can use something like:
map S :r ~/.signature
to load your signature out of .signature every time you
hit 'S'.
3) Use your windowing system. xterm, for example, can provide key
and button mappings for the utterly lazy.
4) If you use Emacs with mh-e:
4a) C-c C-s will append the signature.
From: Andre Srinivasan <andre at neuronet.pitt.edu>
Date: Mon, 1 May 1995 00:00:00 -0800
4b) Add the following to your .emacs file:
(add-hook 'mh-compose-letter-function
(function
(lambda(a b c)
(save-excursion
(goto-char (point-max))
(beginning-of-line)
(mh-insert-signature)))))
This hook is called after the draft buffer has been initialized,
but before you have a chance to type anything.
From: Tom Christiansen <tchrist at perl.com>
Date: Tue, 1 Nov 1994 00:00:00 -0800
Tired of the same old signature? Want different signatures for
different newsgroups? Here's a program to help you out.
The way it works is to have .signature be a named pipe, so if you
don't have named pipes, just say 'n'.
The sigrand program then feeds stuff down the pipe every time someone
wants to read it. That way it works for more than just news, but
for anything that wants to read your .signature, like a mailer.
You have your choice of three kinds of signatures:
1) random (short) fortune from "fortune -s"; you get these if
you don't have a global sig file.
2) random fortune from ~/News/SIGNATURES [global sig file]
3) random fortune form ~/News/(newsgroup)/SIGNATURES [local sig files]
Send mail if interested.
Date: Tue, 1 Nov 1994 00:00:00 -0800
See also the Signature FAQ (see "What references exist for MH?").
------------------------------
Subject: 05.05 How do I call my editor with arguments?
From: John Romine <jromine at ics.uci.edu>
Date: Mon, 1 May 1995 00:00:00 -0800
Set your editor (in .mh_profile) to the following shellscript.
#/bin/sh
<youreditor> <yourargs> "$@"
exit 0
From: Ray Nickson <Ray.Nickson at comp.vuw.ac.nz>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
You might find it useful to make <youreditor> $EDITOR, or to use
different arguments depending on your EDITOR environment variable.
------------------------------
Subject: 05.06 How can I digestify messages in a folder for mail to another user?
From: Jerry Peek <jpeek at jpeek.com>, Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
How about:
forw [-digest tmp] [-form forwcomps] [-filter mhl.digest]
messages +folder
These messages can be un-digestified :-) by the MH burst(1) program.
See also MH book sections 7.9.7 (6.8.7), 8.10 (7.9), or the URLs:
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/mh/forfor-2.htm#CreDig
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/mh/burdig.htm
From: Glenn Vanderburg <glv at utdallas.edu>
Date: Tue, 1 Nov 1994 00:00:00 -0800
There's another way, which is better if the recipient understands MIME.
forw -mime messages +folder
(Make sure that you either have "automhnproc: mhn" in your mh
profile, or type "edit mhn" to whatnow before you send it.)
This bundles each message in a MIME message/rfc822 part, and then
bundles the whole mess up in a multipart/digest part. You can still
add your own text at the beginning. The MH burst program can also
understand these messages and split them apart with no problem.
This works beautifully with MIME-capable mail readers, especially
exmh.
------------------------------
Subject: 05.07 How can I change my return address?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Tue, 1 Dec 1992 00:00:00 -0800
If you find that your mailer creates a From header that others have
trouble replying to, you can add a Reply-To header to override the
From header in replies.
Copy the components and replcomps files which are normally found in
$MHLIB into your Mail directory and add a line like the following
after the Subject header replacing my address with your address:
Reply-To: jack@newt.com
------------------------------
Subject: 05.08 How can I change my From header?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Nov 1995 11:40:50 -0800
With either of the following solutions, you'll need to add an
Alternate-Mailboxes entry in your MH profile so that scan prints
"To: recipient" rather than your faked address. For example, if
your real address is user@somedomain.com and you've added a From
field of:
From: Joe Bob <joe.bob@somedomain.com>
you'll add the following to .mh_profile:
Alternate-Mailboxes: joe.bob@somedomain.com
From: Bill Wisner <wisner at netcom.com>
Date: Tue, 1 Dec 1992 00:00:00 -0800
If you're just interested in changing the hostname, add a line to
$MHLIB/mts.conf (mtstailor):
localname: desired_host_name
From: Jerry Peek <jpeek at jpeek.com>
Date: Tue, 1 Dec 1992 00:00:00 -0800
Just put a "From:" header in your "components", "replcomps" and
"forwcomps" files. MH will add a "Sender:" header with what it thinks
is your real address.
------------------------------
Subject: 05.09 How can I save a copy of all messages I send?
From: Ping Huang <pshuang at sgihub.corp.sgi.com>
Date: Mon, 18 Dec 1995 17:51:33 -0800
I suggest the use of the Dcc: field (See "What is the Dcc header?"),
since the use of "Dcc:" solves the issue of having the same
Message-Id. The warning about using Dcc: in general contexts
doesn't apply to self-blind-carbon copies, and if "Dcc:" is used and
you are automatically sorting messages into folders based on mailing
lists, messages which you send will get refiled in the same way.
Some may prefer all outgoing messages to be segregated; others
(including myself) prefer not to segregate outgoing messages.
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>, Jerry Peek <jpeek at jpeek.com>
Date: Mon, 1 Aug 1994 00:00:00 -0800
Copy the components and replcomps files which are normally found in
$MHLIB into your Mail directory and add a line like the following
after the cc header:
Fcc: +out
All outgoing messages will then be saved in the +out folder. If you
make a distcomps file, it needs "Resent-Fcc:".
From: Jeppe Sigbrandt <jay at elec.gla.ac.uk>
Date: Sat, 5 Apr 1997 02:04:53 +0100
You can also use @ in the Fcc field to file the outgoing message in
the current folder.
Fcc: @
This is useful if you filter your mail (e.g., with procmail) and you
read your mail in folders other than +inbox.
From: David S. Goldberg <dsg at linus.mitre.org>
Date: 30 Oct 1995 10:23:55 -0500
You can get the Message-ID field by placing the folder in the "Fcc"
field and adding:
send: -msgid
to your .mh_profile. Unfortunately, this Message-ID isn't as useful
as sendmail's--it doesn't include the date.
------------------------------
Subject: 05.10 Can the folder in Fcc: be dynamically specified?
From: Andy Rabagliati <andyr at wizzy.com>
Date: Mon, 1 Aug 1994 00:00:00 -0800
My suggestion would be to run Tom Christiansen's rfi script. If you
cannot find it on *.sources archive sites (please try first), I can
mail it to you.
One good idea would be to write a whatnowproc that files the mail
based on a procmail or deliver file. Then you can use the same file
for incoming and outgoing mail.
------------------------------
Subject: 05.11 Can I post secure/encryped mail?
From: Stephen Gildea <gildea at stop.mail-abuse.org>
Date: Mon, 5 Mar 2001 05:32:31 -0800
There are several packages that support PGP in mh-e:
mailcrypt by Patrick LoPresti <patl at lcs.mit.edu>
and Jin Choi <jsc at mit.edu>. See
http://mailcrypt.sourceforge.net/ for more info.
pgp.el by Jack Repenning <jackr at informix.com>
ftp://sgigate.sgi.com/pub/pgp-aux/pgp-el.tar.gz
Jack and I have been in communication, so I know that pgp.el will work
with mh-e 5.0.
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Mon, 5 Mar 2001 05:30:43 -0800
PGP keys can be obtained via mail from <pgp-public-keys at pgp.mit.edu>,
and via the Web at http://www.pgp.net/pgpnet/pks-commands.html.
Many PGP front-ends (e.g., mailcrypt) automatically obtain keys for
you.
See http://www.pgp.net/ for more info.
Note that I use mailcrypt. It is also comes as a Debian GNU/Linux
package.
From: Vivek Khera <khera at kciLink.com>
Date: 19 Jun 1995 22:06:37 GMT
A much more robust Perl script I wrote is appended below [Ed: Send a
note to Vivek for the script]. It works its way through aliases,
and avoids problems with full names in the headers.
Here is my mhn profile entry to display the messages.
mhshow-show-application/x-pgp: %l pgp -m '%F' # nmh
mhn-show-application/x-pgp: %l pgp -m '%F' # MH
to use the script, after you edit the message, at the What now?
prompt, type "edit pgpmail" for plain ascii encryption or "pgpmail
-m" for a MIME formatted encryption. If you want to add a digital
signature, give the script the -s flag also.
From: Jeffrey C. Ollie <jeff at ollie.clive.ia.us>
Date: Mon, 1 May 1995 00:00:00 -0800
TIS has a free, draft-standard compliant public key system that
works with MH (PEM). Check it out on ftp.tis.com.
From: Kimmo Suominen <kim at tac.nyc.ny.us>
Date: Mon, 1 May 1995 00:00:00 -0800
You could try looking at the URL http://www.tac.nyc.ny.us/ and
following the link from the cover page. Everything you need for
PGP to work with MH is there (scripts and mhn entries).
From: mathew at mantis.co.uk
Date: Mon, 1 May 1995 00:00:00 -0800
Excellent stuff. I've tried altering it to conform to
draft-borenstein-pgp-mime-00.txt.
Unfortunately, I can't get mhn to tag PGP-armoured text as
application/pgp; format=text without it insisting on base64 encoding
it. So I can't quite manage to implement the standard. *sigh*
Presumably mhn thinks that anything which isn't text/* must be
encoded.
From: Jason L Tibbitts III <tibbs at sina.tcamc.uh.edu>
Date: Mon, 1 May 1995 00:00:00 -0800
There is an Emacs and MH based mail interface called Mew which,
while still beta, is quite stable and works well. It fully handles
MIME and PGP. Grab it from:
ftp://ftp.aist-nara.ac.jp/pub/elisp/Mew/mew-current.tar.gz
From: John R MacMillan <john at interlog.com>
Date: Wed, 16 Apr 1997 00:06:59 -0700
Premail, in conjunction with MH, can display and compose security
multiparts (e.g., multipart/signed and multipart/encrypted PGP mail,
non-MIME PGP, and some S/MIME). Check out
http://www.c2.org/~raph/premail/
for details.
------------------------------
Subject: 05.12 How can I send multi-media (MIME) attachments?
From: Brian Exelbierd <bex at ncsu.edu>
Date: Mon, 09 Oct 1995 08:05:55 -0400
The short guide:
1. Compose a letter using comp.
2. When you get to a point where you want to include a MIME attachment, type
the following to include a GIF image (note: the '#' must be in
the first column):
#image/gif [Pictures at an Exhibition] /usr/lib/pictures/exhibition.gif
3. Finish your letter, adding more text or attachments as needed.
4. Save your letter and exit the editor. At the Whatnow prompt
type "edit mhn". mhn will automatically format your letter with
the MIME attachments leaving the original letter in ,##,orig
where ## is the letter number.
5. Type "send" at the Whatnow prompt, and poof, you have just sent
MIME mail. I strongly recommend you practice sending yourself
MIME mail first.
For more information, see the mhn(1) man page,
ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/iana/assignments/media-types/media-types
for a list of allowed media types in addition to image/gif, and
Chapter 3 in the MH book or the URL:
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/overall/tocs/intmime.htm
------------------------------
Subject: 05.13 What's the best way to send mail to a long list of people?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Thu, 12 Oct 1995 07:53:53 -0700
There are three ways to keep the list of members from appearing in
everyone's header.
If you're planning on mailing to these people regularly, the best
way is to create an alias in /etc/aliases (/usr/lib/aliases). That
way, recipients can send and reply to the list as well.
The other two ways allow you to manage the list privately, but the
recipients cannot send to the list (unless you set something up with
your deliver or procmail script). One is with a group list. It
looks like this:
To: All-members: member1, member2, member3, ..., membern;
The recipients see this:
To: All-members:;
You can make this an MH alias as well.
The second way is to use a blind carbon copy (see "How do I send
blind carbon copies?").
Or you could also use the undocumented Dcc field which is used like
the Bcc field, but doesn't inject the "Blind-Carbon-Copy." Warning:
(See "What is the Dcc header?")
------------------------------
Subject: 05.14 What is the Dcc header?
From: jpeek at jpeek.com (Jerry Peek)
Date: 14 Sep 96 05:51:13 GMT
If you put the alias in the Dcc field and leave the To: field empty,
there's a good chance that the recipients will get a message with
the header field:
Apparently-to: <someaddress>
and it might even list several addresses. To avoid that, use a To:
field with some address (like yours) in it. I use a comment that
tells people what's really happening--like this, more or less:
To: "Faculty members, c/o" <super@wierdlmpc.msci.memphis.edu>
dcc: faculty
There are some other choices, like using an un-replyable group list
in the To: field, but I think they tend to confuse non-techies.
Date: Wed, 27 Sep 1995 09:46:37 -0700
From: John Romine <jromine at yoyodyne.ICS.UCI.EDU>
The Dcc (Distribution Carbon Copy) field behaves much like the Bcc
field, but does not add the "Blind-Carbon-Copy" notice. This header
is removed before posting the message,and a copy of the message is
distributed to each listed address. This could be considered a form
of Blind Carbon Copy which is best used for sending to an address
which would never reply (such as an auto-archiver).
People should not be using Dcc as a substitute-Bcc to send to other
people. When users use Dcc as a substitute for Bcc, there is *no*
indication to the "blind" recipients that they have received a blind
copy. If those recipients should reply (and they have no indication
why they shouldn't), the original author could be very embarassed
(or worse).
------------------------------
Subject: 05.15 How can I make sense of the replcomps file?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Sun, 26 Nov 1995 19:25:14 -0800
The best thing to do is curl up with the mh-format(5) man page, or
Section 11.2 of the MH book, or the URL:
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/mh/mhstr.htm
These will explain the following replcomps file. Don't start with the
first four lines--the latter group of lines are much easier to understand.
%(lit)%(formataddr %<{reply-to}%?{from}%?{sender}%?{return-path}%>)\
%<(nonnull)%(void(width))%(putaddr To: )\n%>\
%(lit)%(formataddr{to})%(formataddr{cc})%(formataddr(me))\
%<(nonnull)%(void(width))%(putaddr cc: )\n%>\
Organization: Newt Software
%<{fcc}Fcc: %{fcc}\n%>\
%<{subject}Subject: Re: %{subject}\n%>\
%<{date}In-reply-to: Your message of "\
%<(nodate{date})%{date}%|%(pretty{date})%>."%<{message-id}
%{message-id}%>\n%>\
--------
In particular, note the following:
\ consider the following line to be part of the current line
\n inject an actual newline into the reply. Note that inserting
a field without a trailing backslash (\) will cause
that field to be emitted in the reply as well.
%<{field}, %?{field}, %|, %> if field exists, else if field exists,
else, endif
%(command) mh-format commands
%{field} value of the header field inserted at this point
To add new fields, you can either add fields based on whether
certain fields exist in the original message (e.g.,
%<{message-id}...), or hard-code them, as in the Organization field
above. Note that you can either use a "\n\" pair, or nothing at the
end of a line to insert a newline in the reply.
------------------------------
Subject: 05.16 How can I convert quoted-printable to 8bit in quoted text in replies?
From: Jarle F. Greipsland <jarle at idt.unit.no>
Date: 22 Aug 1995 10:42:07 +0200
The idea behind the solution is that I need mhn to store the
contents of the mail in the native iso8859-1 format somewhere. I
did this by creating a custom editor that is invoked when I reply to
a message. This editor extracts the body of the message (sorry, no
multipart stuff), indents it with '> ', appends it to the draft
message and invokes the ordinary editor on it. Here are the details:
`isorepl' is a symbolic link from my $HOME/bin-directory to `repl'.
In my .mh_profile I added the following two lines:
isorepl: -form isoreplcomps -editor isoextract
isoextract-next: vi
The isoreplcomps file in my Mail-directory contains:
%(lit)%(formataddr %<{reply-to}%?{from}%?{sender}%?{return-path}%>)\
%<(nonnull)%(void(width))%(putaddr To: )\n%>\
%(lit)%(formataddr{to})%(formataddr{cc})%(formataddr(me))\
%<(nonnull)%(void(width))%(putaddr cc: )\n%>\
%<{fcc}Fcc: %{fcc}\n%>\
%<{subject}Subject: Re: %{subject}\n%>\
%<{date}In-reply-to: Your message of "\
%<(nodate{date})%{date}%|%(pretty{date})%>."%<{message-id}
%{message-id}%>\n%>\
--------
#<text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
%<{message-id}In message %{message-id} %>\
%<{from}%(friendly{from}) writes%|You write%>:
This is a "Usenet-like" quoting style. Modify to suit your own
taste. This form will setup the proper header, as well as the first
line of the new message (In <mmmmbbbb> nnnn writes etc.).
The first editor, `isoextract', looks like this:
#!/bin/sh
#
# Called from within repl where the "editalt" variable is valid
#
# Point to a special MHN configuration file (save old one)
OLDMHN="$MHN"
MHN=$HOME/`mhparam Path`/isoquotemsg
export MHN
# Extract message body to "native" format (should be iso-8859-1)
# > More bla bla.
mhn -file "$editalt" -store >> $1 2>/dev/null
MHN="$OLDMHN"
myname=`basename $0`
next=`mhparam ${myname}-next`
if [ "x$next" != "x" ]; then
exec $next "$@"
fi
`isoquotemsg' has just one rule; how mhn should store a text message.
mhn-store-text: |sed -e 's/^[ ]*$//' \
-e 's/^\([>|]\)\(.*\)$/>\1\2/' \
-e 's/^\([^>|].*\)$/> \1/'
This tells mhn to pipe the message to stdout, where the sed commands will
do the reformatting/quoting. (Note: the first pair of square brackets
contains a space and a tab.)
So, when I do a `isorepl' to a message, `repl' will create the draft
message with the proper headers (based on the `isoreplcomps' format file),
fire off its first editor, `isoextract', with the name of the draft file as
its parameter. `isoextract' then invokes mhn in a suitable environment,
tells it that it is to use the file $editalt as its source, and orders it
to store the contents. The store-text rule in the custom MHN-file tells it
to just pipe the message (in native iso8859-1 form) through a small set of
sed commands, and `isoextract' uses the normal shell construct to append
the result to the draft file. Then, if there's defined a `isoextract-next'
entry in the .mh_profile, isoextract exec's this editor.
------------------------------
Subject: 05.17 Can I have aliases include aliases?
From: Bruce Cox <bruce at maths.su.oz.au>
Date: Fri, 16 Aug 1996 14:26:12 +1000
Indeed, you can.
You just need to remember the way MH expands aliases. In
particular, the right hand sides are only expanded by the aliases
below them in your aliases file. So, if you put in:
dead-men: presidents, authors
presidents: washington, lincoln, jefferson, roosevelt
authors: thoreau, irving, london
and type:
ali dead-men
then you would get the response:
washington, lincoln, jefferson, roosevelt, thoreau, irving, london
If you had the dead-men line after the presidents and authors aliases, the
response would be:
presidents, authors
------------------------------
Subject: 05.18 Why doesn't mhmail understand aliases?
From: "John L. Romine" <jromine at yoyodyne.ics.uci.edu>
Date: 25 Apr 1996 16:34:10 GMT
One way that mhmail might be run is from a shell script. This means
that the user running it might not use MH, and would not have a
.mh_profile, etc. If you want to use aliases with mhmail, expand
them before passing them as arguments (e.g., "mhmail `ali joe`").
------------------------------
Subject: 05.19 How do I send blind carbon copies?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Mon, 9 Sep 1996 00:32:14 -0700
Use the Bcc header field:
To: your-address-here
Bcc: member1, member2, member3, ..., membern
The recipients see this:
To: your-address-here
------- Blind-Carbon-Copy
Content of message, with headers
If you don't want the "Blind-Carbon-Copy" message, use the Dcc
field, but this is discouraged in true blind carbon copies since the
warning may prevent the recipient from embarrassing someone
inadvertently. Read the warning in (see "What is the Dcc header?").
------------------------------
Subject: 05.20 When I forward a message, can I use its Subject?
From: Jerry Peek <jpeek at jpeek.com>
Date: Sun, 17 Nov 1996 20:16:31 -0800
Obtain forwedit.
ftp://ftp.ics.uci.edu/pub/mh/contrib/jpeek/forwedit
------------------------------
Subject: 05.21 Why is the timezone field in my 'Date:' field wrong?
From: Alex Tomlinson <tomlinson at acm.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Jun 1997 09:16:41 -0500
If the date field in your mail header looks like this:
Date: Tue, 10 Jun 1997 15:59:03 +2228904
remove -lbsd from your MH configuration, add "curses -lcurses", and
rebuild.
------------------------------
Subject: 05.22 Can I automate the comp -editor mhn process?
From: Soren Dayton <csdayton at gargoyle164.cs.uchicago.edu>
Date: Tue, 21 Jan 1997 17:23:32 GMT
Add
automhnproc: mhn
to your MH profile.
------------------------------
Subject: 05.23 How can I remove those "=20" characters when forwarding?
From: Dave Marquardt <marquard at Austin.IBM.Com>
Date: 12 Oct 2000 10:27:38 -0500
Use `forw -mime'.
------------------------------
Subject: 05.24 Can I use mh-format substitution with forw?
From: Dave Marquardt <marquard at Austin.IBM.Com>
Date: Tue, 3 Aug 1999 13:28:30 -0500 (EST)
The answer is no, and the real question is why not?
------------------------------
Subject: 06.00 ***** Posting *****
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
------------------------------
Subject: 06.01 What to do with "Problems with edit - draft removed".
From: John Romine <jromine at ics.uci.edu>
Date: Mon, 1 May 1995 00:00:00 -0800
If your users are using an AT&T version of "vi", it's exiting with
non-zero status (supposedly a count of the "errors" during the edit).
Move "vi" to "broken_vi" and put it its place :
#! /bin/sh
/usr/ucb/broken_vi "$@"
exit 0
Alternatively, compile MH with the ATTVIBUG option.
Then complain to your vendor that "vi" is broken, and they should
fix it.
------------------------------
Subject: 06.02 Can I run my message through a program (e.g., ispell) before sending?
From: Jerry Peek <jpeek at jpeek.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
It's pretty simple. If your speller is called myspell, use:
What now? edit myspell
MH will actually execute:
myspell /your-mail-draft-directory/draftfile
and give the entire draft message to your speller. The header will
probably be "misspelled," of course, though you might be able to
tell the speller to ignore it--or you could hack up a little shell
script to run the speller on just the message body, then tack the
corrected body back onto the header before sending.
You can automate this some more. For example, if you want your
speller to run after your first edit with "prompter" and also after
you leave the "vi" editor, add these lines to your MH profile:
prompter-next: myspell
vi-next: myspell
Then, at the "What now?" prompt:
What now? e
your speller will run. For more info, see the mh-profile(5) man
page or section 7.2.1 (6.2.1) of the MH book, or the URL:
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/mh/chaedi.htm#Edi
------------------------------
Subject: 06.03 What to do with "bad address 'xxx' - no at-sign after local-part".
From: Owen Rees <rtor at ansa.co.uk>
Date: Fri, 1 Jan 1993 00:00:00 -0800
You may find that post returns the following message:
post: bad address 'Mr. Foo Bar <fb@somewhere.edu>' - no at-sign
after local-part (Bar), continuing...
The unquoted dot causes "Mr. Foo" to be parsed as the local part of
the address. Either remove the dot, or rewrite the address as
follows:
"Mr. Foo Bar" <fb@somewhere.edu>
(Mr. Foo Bar) <fb@somewhere.edu>
(Mr. Foo Bar) fb@somewhere.edu
------------------------------
Subject: 06.04 Fixing "post: problem initializing server; [BHST] no servers available"
From: Peter Marvit <marvit at hplabs.hpl.hp.com>,
Eric Bracken <bracken at bacon.performance.com>
Date: Tue, 1 Nov 1994 00:00:00 -0800
The error message itself is essentially correct. However, what this
really means is: MH's post cannot connect to a running sendmail over
an SMTP port (MH configured with SMTP and SENDMTS).
The potential problems:
1. Your local sendmail daemon is dying or not running for some
reason.
2. You use BIND and your local nameserver is not responding.
Solution: Delete "/etc/resolv.conf."
3. Your $MHLIB/mts.conf (mtstailor) has its "servers:" pointing to a
non-existent machine or a machine which is a) not reachable or b)
not running the sendmail daemon.
From: Bdale Garbee <bdale at col.hp.com>,
Eric Bracken <bracken at bacon.performance.com>
Date: Sun, 1 May 1994 00:00:00 -0800
4. The hostname localhost [127.0.0.1] is missing from /etc/hosts.
Solution: add an entry for "localhost" to /etc/hosts or your DNS
database or add the following to $MHLIB/mts.conf (mtstailor):
servers: 127.0.0.1 \01localnet
From: Larry Daffner <ldaffner at convex.com>
Date: 3 Mar 1996 14:39:54 -0600
5. Your load average is so high that sendmail is refusing connections.
Solution: Change your configuration from "mta: sendmail/smtp" to
"mta: sendmail" so that a sendmail processes is spawned to
deliver the message. This is a double-edged sword since the
extra process only makes the load worse.
------------------------------
Subject: 06.05 Fixing "post: problem initializing server; [RPLY] 503 Sender already specified"
From: Paul Pomes <ppomes at Qualcomm.com>
Date: Mon, 1 Mar 1993 00:00:00 -0800
The problem in sendmail is that the RSET after the ONEX does not
reset all the state information. Normally sendmail fork()s after
the Mail from: statement and a RSET causes that child to exit. This
automatically cleans up. If the fork() is suppressed by ONEX, then
the source must be modified to do the cleanup. See "srvrsmtp.c
patch" in the Appendix. If you don't have the sources, modify your
MH sources to not use the ONEX verb.
------------------------------
Subject: 06.06 Fixing "post: unexpected response; [BHST] no socket opened"
From: Steve Lembark <lembark at wrkhors.la.ca.us>, Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Mon, 1 Aug 1994 00:00:00 -0800
This problem happens when there is no interface defined within the
tcp system. A couple of workarounds include:
o Use a hostname (other than the local host) instead of localhost in
the "servers" entry of the $MHLIB/mts.conf (mtstailor) file.
o Recompile MH with sendmail instead of sendmail/smtp (not very elegant).
A better fix would be to define your tcp interface.
Here, you run ifconfig and route (as root) to define the loopback
device and route. You should add them to rc.local so they are
effected at every boot.
# ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1 # Linux
# ifconfig lo0 127.0.0.1 # Sun
# route 127.0.0.1
If all is well, "ifconfig lo" (or lo0), will show something like this
(on my Linux system):
lo Link encap Local Loopback
inet addr 127.0.0.1 Bcast 127.255.255.255 Mask 255.0.0.0
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU 2000 Metric 0
RX packets 0 errors 0 dropped 0 overrun 0
TX packets 519 errors 0 dropped 0 overrun 0
and "netstat -r" will show:
# netstat -r
Destination net/address Gateway address Flags RefCnt Use Iface
127.0.0.0 * UN 0 519 lo
If you're not on a network and running DNS, your /etc/hosts will
need at least:
127.0.0.1 your_host_name localhost # loopback address
Note: put your name FIRST on the localhost line. This official name
is used by sendmail to determine your return address.
If you are on a network and running DNS, you might find that putting
your host name in the localhost entry might gum up other things, in
which case you'll want your hostname to have its own proper address.
This might not do it though. David Youatt <dpy at sgi.com> says that
his network was happy but he still had the problem until he upgraded
his system and got the latest revision of sendmail as well. He
says: "Turns out that that the problem I was having seems to be
caused (at least partly, maybe entirely) by the version of sendmail
that is shipped with IRIX 5.2 (sendmail 5.65, I think). The version
shipped w/IRIX 5.3 (in beta) is sendmail 8.6.9 and works fine."
I'm not entirely happy with this section, so please give me some
feedback. If you have this problem, please send me
<wohler at newt.com> a brief description so I'll know which problems
and solutions seem to be the most prevalent.
------------------------------
Subject: 06.07 How do I fix the "X-Authentication-Warning" header?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Mon, 9 Sep 1996 01:32:15 -0700
(See "Fixing "Sender didn't use the HELO protocol"".)
------------------------------
Subject: 06.08 Fixing "post: unexpected response; [RPLY] 503 Need MAIL before RCPT"
From: Bjoern Stabell <bjoerns at acm.org>
Date: Mon, 1 May 1995 00:00:00 -0800
I inserted:
clientname: localhost
in the $MHLIB/mts.conf (mtstailor) file, and that fixed the problem.
------------------------------
Subject: 06.09 Fixing "post: problem initializing server; [BHST] premature end-of-file on socket"
From: Stefan Huebner <sh at muc.de>
Date: Wed, 11 Sep 1996 20:06:49 +0200
Use spost instead of post. To do this:
% mv post post.orig
% ln -s spost post
From: Chuck Mattern <cmattern at mindspring.com>
Date: Mon, 1 May 1995 00:00:00 -0800
If you are running sendmail instead of smail, make sure that all
smtp entries in /etc/inetd.conf are commented out. If you do edit
/etc/inetd.conf, don't forget to run to restart inetd with "kill -1
<inetd PID>".
------------------------------
Subject: 06.10 Fixing "Sender didn't use the HELO protocol"
From: rickert at cs.niu.edu (Neil Rickert)
Date: Tue, 20 Mar 2001 22:01:16 -0800
If you are sharing your $MHLIB/mts.conf (mtstailor) file among
several machines, and you are connecting to the local sendmail, then
use 'localhost' as the hostname argument to the clientname parameter
(described below).
Otherwise, place mts.conf somewhere under /etc on each system, and
install a symlink to it on the shared file system.
From: labrown at dg-rtp.dg.com (Lance A. Brown)
Date: 23 Apr 1996 14:43:04 -0400
You can solve this by putting
localname: localhostname
localdomain: local.domain.name
in your $MHLIB/mts.conf (mtstailor) file. This will make MH send a
HELO string in the SMTP transaction.
From: Terry Manderson <terry at azure.dstc.edu.au>
Date: Mon, 1 May 1995 00:00:00 -0800
Add
clientname sender
to $MHLIB/mts.conf (mtstailor) where sender is the name of the
machine sending the message. The error message occurs because newer
MTA's require SMTP's "HELO" command which MH omits in some
configurations. When you add the above line, it forces MH to use the
HELO command.
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
You get a header like:
X-Authentication-Warning: screamer.rtp.ericsson.se: Host
rcur7.rtp.ericsson.se didn't use HELO protocol
Easy possibilities are: apply the patch to MH that comes with Sendmail
8.X.X and makes it use HELO, or comment out the line that says
Opauthwarnings
in your sendmail.cf.
------------------------------
Subject: 06.11 Fixing "post: problem initializing server; [RPLY] 553 Local configuration error, hostname not recognized as local
From: "Matthew V. J. Whalen" <whalenm at aol.net>
Date: Mon, 1 May 1995 00:00:00 -0800
Change your "mts" in "conf/MH" from "sendmail/smtp" to just
"sendmail."
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Mon, 1 May 1995 00:00:00 -0800
The solution above will keep MH from using any SMTP server on your
network. require sendmail to be installed on all machines. You could
take advantage of the "sendmail/smtp" option to have MH talk to a
non-local sendmail. In $MHLIB/mts.conf (mtstailor) add:
servers <SMTP-server>
It may also be caused by old versions of sendmail.
------------------------------
Subject: 07.00 ***** Mail Filters *****
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
------------------------------
Subject: 07.01 What mail filters are available?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Sun, 11 Mar 2001 10:27:24 -0800
The list currently includes slocal (included with MH), deliver,
procmail and mailagent. They are briefly described here. Slocal is
probably the most popular by virtue of being included in the
distribution. The next most popular entry is procmail, followed by
deliver.
Slocal comes with MH. It can be used to process incoming mail based
on the contents of any of the headers. Actions include filing
messages, running commands, printing messages on your terminal and
so on. The configuration is made in ~/.maildelivery. People seem to
have trouble with slocal bugs, and you can't use it if you don't
have write permission on your system maildrop so a lot of people
have opted for the alternatives, but it's easy to use and comes with
MH.
procmail is quite popular and has a very powerful configuration
file. However, the syntax is its own, but it is easy to learn given
a couple of good examples. Its advantages are its small size and
speed. Like deliver, procmail may be installed as a delivery agent
so you would not even have to have a .forward file.
Deliver can run any script or program (called ~/.deliver), so you
really can do anything you want to incoming mail. One feature that
it sports that no other does is that you can install it as a local
mailer in place of /bin/mail. If it's the local mailer, you don't
need to have a .forward--~/.deliver is run anyway. In addition, it
allows the system administrator to write some programs to filter
everybody's mail. It came with my Linux system, so installation was
non-existent.
I started with slocal, and then moved to deliver. I switched to
procmail because of a bug in deliver (which I think has since been
fixed) whereby a blank line would be inserted into the header before
header fields with numbers in them.
I am still using procmail and probably will do so indefinitely since
it is powerful, there are many spam filters written in it, and it
coexists with MH and gnus so well.
My recommendation is to use the one that is installed on your system
or get procmail. Here are the URLs for the filters mentioned in this
document:
http://www.procmail.org/
From: "Eric D. Friedman" <friedman at hydra.acs.uci.edu>
Date: 28 Aug 1996 08:28:46 GMT
See http://www.faqs.org/faqs/mail/filtering-faq/index.html.
From: Stephen R. van den Berg <berg at pool.informatik.rwth-aachen.de>
Date: Mon, 1 Aug 1994 00:00:00 -0800
Procmail can be used to create mail-servers, mailing lists, sort
your incoming mail into separate folders/files (real convenient when
subscribing to one or more mailing lists or for prioritizing your
mail), preprocess your mail, start any programs upon mail arrival
(e.g. to generate different chimes on your workstation for different
types of mail) or selectively forward certain incoming mail
automatically to someone.
From: Raphael Manfredi <Raphael_Manfredi at grenoble.hp.com>
Date: Tue, 28 Jul 1998 13:22:07 +0200
"mailagent" is yet another mail filter, written in perl, which will
let you do anything with your mail. It has all the features you may
expect from a filter: mailing lists sorting, forwarding to MTA or to
inews, pre-processing of message before saving into folder, vacation
mode, etc. It was initially written as an Elm-filter replacement,
but has now enough power to also supplant MMDF's
.maildelivery. There is also a support for @SH mail hooks, which
allows you to automatically distribute patches or software via
command mails.
The mailagent was designed to make mail filtering as easy as it can
be. It is highly configurable and fairly complete. Rules are
specified in a lex-like style, with the full power of perl's regular
expressions. The automaton supports the notion of mode, and header
selection has many magic features built-in, to ease the rule writing
process.
The distribution comes with a set of examples, an exhaustive test
suite, and naturally a detailed manual page. It should be noted that
the mailagent will work even if your system administrator forbids "|
programs" hooks in the ~/.forward, provided you have access to some
sort of cron daemon.
You can get a full email distribution of the latest release by
sending an appropriate command to my own mailagent, such as:
Subject: Command
@SH maildist PATH mailagent -
where PATH stands for YOUR email address, i.e. a path from me to
you.
http://www.cpan.org/authors/Raphael_Manfredi/
------------------------------
Subject: 07.02 Why slocal writes messages to system mailbox that from(1) can't read.
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Mon, 1 May 1995 00:00:00 -0800
Upgrade to MH 6.8 and set the RPATHS option. Better yet, use a more
MH-like command instead of from: "scan -file $MAIL".
------------------------------
Subject: 07.03 Where can I read about slocal and the format of .maildelivery?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
See the slocal man page.
Here is brief example of a .maildelivery file that stores messages
to babble in a folder and the system mailbox, stores mh-users in a
folder but not the system mailbox, and puts the rest in the system
mailbox.
to mh-users | A "$MHLIB/rcvstore -create +lists/mh-users"
cc mh-users | A "$MHLIB/rcvstore -create +lists/mh-users"
to babble | R "$MHLIB/rcvstore -create +lists/babble"
cc babble | R "$MHLIB/rcvstore -create +lists/babble"
default - > ? /usr/spool/mail/wohler
Your .forward file may look like (quotes necessary):
"| $MHLIB/slocal -user your_login"
In some implementations, the "-user your_login" is not needed. If
not, manually running slocal with the flag will produce an error.
See also chapter 12 (11) in the MH book, or the URL:
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/mh/tocs/prmaau.htm
Alternatives to slocal include deliver, procmail, and mailagent.
(See "What mail filters are available?")
------------------------------
Subject: 07.04 How do I debug my .maildelivery file?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Mon, 1 Mar 1993 00:00:00 -0800
Use as many of the following as necessary.
Put a message into a file and call slocal directly on it.
$MHLIB/slocal -user $USER -verbose -debug < test-msg
Modify your .forward to look like:
"|/bin/sh -c 'exec >> /tmp/out 2>&1;
$MHLIB/slocal -user $USER -verbose -debug'"
Or modify a rule in .maildelivery to look like this:
to foo | R "set -xv; exec >/tmp/out 2>&1; $MHLIB/rcvstore +foo"
The previous examples are broken up for readability; the text must
appear on one line.
See also MH book section 12.11 (11.11), or the URL:
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/mh/debugti.htm
------------------------------
Subject: 07.05 Why isn't slocal working?
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Mon, 1 Mar 1993 00:00:00 -0800
If slocal doesn't appear to be doing anything, run the following
$MHLIB/slocal -user your_login -verbose < file
where "file" is some message in a mail folder. If you get something
like:
.maildelivery: ownership/modes bad (0, 154,154,0100666)
your .maildelivery is writable by too many people. Make it writable
only by you by running "chmod 644 .maildelivery".
See also "How do I debug my .maildelivery file?"
------------------------------
Subject: 07.06 Are there any good biff applications for MH?
From: Richard Coleman <coleman at math.gatech.edu>
Date: 07 Jul 1997 03:31:42 -0400
nmh (new MH) has an additional command (flist) that will tell you
which folders have unseen messages. I can't imagine using MH
without it.
From: crow at tivoli.com (David L. Crow)
Date: 7 Jul 97 09:36:32 GMT
I have used the following X resource with xbiff before:
xbiff*checkCommand: grep -q '^unread' `mhpath +inbox`/.mh_sequences \
&& exit 0 || exit 2
This should be all one line, but I split it with a line continuation
character for readability.
------------------------------
Subject: 08.00 ***** mh-e *****
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
------------------------------
Subject: 08.01 I have a question about mh-e
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Sat, 3 Mar 2001 13:51:29 -0800
Let me send you over to:
http://mh-e.sourceforge.net/
This is the SourceForge mh-e project. It has mailing lists and files
to download, and will let you submit patches or support requests.
The Support Requests section may already contain an answer to your
question. If not, you can post your question:
http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=13357&atid=213357
------------------------------
Subject: 09.00 ***** Xmh *****
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
------------------------------
Subject: 09.01 How can I get xmh to use Emacs as the editor?
From: Bob Ellison <ellison at sei.cmu.edu>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
The modifications to xmh to support an external editor, annotations,
and an append command can be found in the these places.
ftp://ftp.x.org/R5contrib/xmh-mods-R5-1.7.Z 37k
ftp://ftp.sei.cmu.edu/pub/xmh/xmh-mods-R5-1.7.Z 37k
ftp://ftp.sei.cmu.edu/pub/xmh/xmh-mods-R6-1.0.Z 37k
From: Andrew Wason <aw at bae.bellcore.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
As of R5, xmh has a new action proc called XmhShellCommand. A
string parameter will be executed as a shell command with the
currently selected messages as parameters (or the current message if
there are no selected messages).
Using this new action, a couple of shell scripts, a window version
of emacs (e.g. xemacs) and some elisp code, xmh can use emacs as its
editor instead of the built in Athena text widget editor. This
doesn't require any source code changes to xmh. These are included
in the Appendix "Switching xmh's editor".
------------------------------
Subject: 09.02 Does xmh support subfolders?
From: Steve Malowany <malowany at cenparmi.concordia.ca>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
Yes. Create one by invoking "Create Folder" as usual, and enter
something like: existing-folder/new-sub-folder. You can then access
the subfolder by popping up a menu over the "existing-folder" button
item.
But:
From: John Cooper <jsc at saxon.Eng.Sun.COM>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
The R5 version of xmh does *not* handle nested sub-folders. If you
create a folder as 'grab/some/bandwidth', xmh displays this
folder name for the remainder of the session where it was created,
BUT if you later re-run xmh, the folder is no longer visible to xmh.
See also MH book section 15.6.2 (15.6.2), or the URL:
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/xmh/orgfol.htm#FolaSub
------------------------------
Subject: 09.03 How do I precede included messages with ">" when replying in xmh?
From: Len Makin <len at mel.dit.csiro.au>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
Include the following line in your ~/app-defaults/XMh file:
Xmh*replyInsertFilter: "sed 's/^/> /'"
or,
Xmh.ReplyInsertFilter: $MHLIB/mhl -form repl.filter
From: Andy Linton <andy.linton at comp.vuw.ac.nz>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
Using this means that you can chose to insert the original by use of
the "Insert" button in the Draft message pane. See "How do I
include messages in repl with or without ">"?" to find examples of
repl.filter.
See also MH book sections 15.1.4 (15.1.4), 16.3.3 (16.3.3), or the URLs:
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/xmh/senmai.htm#MorRep
http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mh/book/xmh/resfun.htm#Rep
------------------------------
Subject: Glossary
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
MH Mail Handler
MHLIB Where MH support routines and files are kept; usually /usr/lib/mh
or /usr/local/lib/mh.
POP3 Post Office Protocol, RFC 1938
MMDF Multi-channel Memo Distribution Facility
MIME Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions, RFC 1521
IMAP Internet Message Access Protocol, RFC 1064, 1176
TIS Trusted Information Systems
PEM Privacy Enhanced Mail
PGP Pretty Good Privacy
SMTP Simple Mail Transport Protocol (STD 10; RFC 821)
------------------------------
Subject: Acknowledgments
From: Bill Wohler <wohler at newt.com>
Date: Mon, 9 Sep 1996 01:37:27 -0700
I'd like to thank the following people for providing ideas on the
layout of this article:
Joe Wells <jbw at bigbird.bu.edu> Richard M. Stallman <rms at gnu.org>
David Elliott <dce at smsc.sony.com> Tom Christiansen <tchrist at perl.com>
Eugene N. Miya <eugene at nas.nasa.gov>
We are also grateful to Kim F. Storm <storm at olicom.dk> and Edward
Vielmetti <emv at ox.com> and the folks mentioned in the text of this
document who have provided answers or other information to make this a
better document. I regret that it is possible that some names have
been accidently omitted. I would also like to thank all the readers
of comp.mail.mh.
I'd also like to thank John Romine <jromine at yoyodyne.ICS.UCI.EDU> for
maintaining MH and the MH Web page, Jerry Peek <jpeek at jpeek.com> for
writing the MH bible and for all his hard work with the entire MH
project, Stephen Gildea <gildea at stop.mail-abuse.org> for maintaining mh-e
in years past and always sending me lots of great comments, Kimmo
Suominen <kim at tac.nyc.ny.us> for maintaining the MH patch page, and
Richard Coleman <coleman at math.gatech.edu> for taking MH to nmh.
------------------------------
Subject: Switching xmh's editor
From: Andrew Wason <aw at bae.bellcore.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
#! /bin/sh
# This is a shell archive. Remove anything before this line, then unpack
# it by saving it into a file and typing "sh file". To overwrite existing
# files, type "sh file -c". You can also feed this as standard input via
# unshar, or by typing "sh <file", e.g.. If this archive is complete, you
# will see the following message at the end:
# "End of shell archive."
# Contents: README Xmh.ad xmh-command.el xmhcommand xmhemacs
# Wrapped by aw@jello on Fri Nov 15 17:10:34 1991
PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/ucb ; export PATH
if test -f 'README' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then
echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'README'\"
else
echo shar: Extracting \"'README'\" \(1269 characters\)
sed "s/^X//" >'README' <<'END_OF_FILE'
XThis is a short description of what to do with each of the enclosed files.
X
XXmh.ad
X Merge this in with your xmh resources. If you already have
X user defined buttons, then you may need to renumber the
X buttons in this resource file.
X
Xxmh-command.el
X Byte compile this file and put it in your GNU emacs load-path.
X
Xxmhcommand
Xxmhemacs
X Put these somewhere in your path.
X
X
XOnce you have installed these, restart the R5 xmh with the new
Xresources. When you press the repl, forw or comp buttons
Xan xemacs window will come up with your draft message.
X
XOnce you have written your mail, save it and exit GNU emacs (C-xC-c).
XYou will be prompted if you want to send the current message.
XIf you enter 'y', the message will be sent and the output will
Xbe displayed in an emacs window (in case you use -verbose or -snoop).
XThen you will be prompted to exit emacs. Enter 'y' when you are ready.
X
XIf you answered 'n' when prompted to send the message,
Xthen the draft message will be deleted and emacs will exit.
X
XYou can modify the Xmh.ad resources to add more buttons.
XAny MH command which accepts "+folder msg" can be used
X(e.g. a replx shell script which includes the body of the
Xmessage being replied to can be bound to a replx button)
X
X
XAndrew Wason
Xaw at bae.bellcore.com
END_OF_FILE
if test 1269 -ne `wc -c <'README'`; then
echo shar: \"'README'\" unpacked with wrong size!
fi
# end of 'README'
fi
if test -f 'Xmh.ad' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then
echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'Xmh.ad'\"
else
echo shar: Extracting \"'Xmh.ad'\" \(457 characters\)
sed "s/^X//" >'Xmh.ad' <<'END_OF_FILE'
XXmh*CommandButtonCount: 3
X
XXmh*commandBox.button1.label: repl
XXmh*commandBox.button1.translations:\
X #override\n\
X <Btn1Up>: XmhShellCommand(xmhcommand y repl) unset()
X
XXmh*commandBox.button2.label: forw
XXmh*commandBox.button2.translations:\
X #override\n\
X <Btn1Up>: XmhShellCommand(xmhcommand y forw) unset()
X
XXmh*commandBox.button3.label: comp
XXmh*commandBox.button3.translations:\
X #override\n\
X <Btn1Up>: XmhShellCommand(xmhcommand n comp) unset()
END_OF_FILE
if test 457 -ne `wc -c <'Xmh.ad'`; then
echo shar: \"'Xmh.ad'\" unpacked with wrong size!
fi
# end of 'Xmh.ad'
fi
if test -f 'xmh-command.el' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then
echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'xmh-command.el'\"
else
echo shar: Extracting \"'xmh-command.el'\" \(1294 characters\)
sed "s/^X//" >'xmh-command.el' <<'END_OF_FILE'
X;;; These functions are for use with xemacs and xmh.
X;;; The R5 xmh has a new action - XmhShellCommand which executes
X;;; a shell command with the current msg as an arg.
X;;; By executing something like:
X;;; XmhShellCommand(xmhcommand repl)
X;;; you can use xemacs as your editor with xmh.
X;;;
X;;; The following elisp functions perform the basic whatnowproc functionality
X;;; (quitting and deleting, sending)
X;;;
X;;; Andrew Wason aw at bae.bellcore.com
X
X
X;;; Override C-xC-c
X(define-key indented-text-mode-map "\C-x\C-c" 'xmh-command-send-or-delete)
X
X
X(setq mhdraft (getenv "mhdraft")) ; save the filename of the draft
X
X
X(find-file mhdraft) ; load the draft letter
X(indented-text-mode)
X(setq draft-buffer (current-buffer)) ; save the buffer the draft is in
X
X
X(defun xmh-command-send-or-delete ()
X "Prompt to send or delete letter, then quit."
X (interactive)
X (set-buffer draft-buffer)
X (if (y-or-n-p "Send message? ")
X (progn
X (save-buffer) ; save the draft buffer
X (message "Sending...")
X (pop-to-buffer "MH mail delivery"); pop to a buffer for "send" output
X (erase-buffer)
X (call-process "send" nil t t mhdraft) ; call MH "send"
X (if (y-or-n-p "Exit? ")
X (kill-emacs))) ; exit emacs
X (delete-file mhdraft) ; delete the draft letter
X (kill-emacs))) ; exit emacs
END_OF_FILE
if test 1294 -ne `wc -c <'xmh-command.el'`; then
echo shar: \"'xmh-command.el'\" unpacked with wrong size!
fi
# end of 'xmh-command.el'
fi
if test -f 'xmhcommand' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then
echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'xmhcommand'\"
else
echo shar: Extracting \"'xmhcommand'\" \(669 characters\)
sed "s/^X//" >'xmhcommand' <<'END_OF_FILE'
X#!/bin/sh
X# This shell should be invoked by the xmh XmhShellCommand() action as
X# XmhShellCommand(xmhcommand y repl)
X# XmhShellCommand(xmhcommand n comp) etc.
X# If the second arg is y, then the message list will be used.
X
X# We invoke the passed MH command on the identified message
X# (we must strip the message number and folder from the pathname)
X(if [ $1 = "y" ]
Xthen
X $2 -whatnowproc xmhemacs +`dirname \`echo $3 | \
X sed "s;\\\`mhpath +\\\`/;;"\`` `basename $3`
X
X# You can use this more readable version instead if you have ksh
X# $2 -whatnowproc xmhemacs +$(dirname $(echo $3 | \
X# sed "s;$(mhpath +)/;;")) $(basename $3)
X
Xelse
X $2 -whatnowproc xmhemacs
Xfi)&
END_OF_FILE
if test 669 -ne `wc -c <'xmhcommand'`; then
echo shar: \"'xmhcommand'\" unpacked with wrong size!
fi
chmod +x 'xmhcommand'
# end of 'xmhcommand'
fi
if test -f 'xmhemacs' -a "${1}" != "-c" ; then
echo shar: Will not clobber existing file \"'xmhemacs'\"
else
echo shar: Extracting \"'xmhemacs'\" \(116 characters\)
sed "s/^X//" >'xmhemacs' <<'END_OF_FILE'
X#!/bin/sh
X# Invoke xemacs and load the xmh-command.el stuff.
X# xmhemacs is used by xmhcommand
Xxemacs -l xmh-command
END_OF_FILE
if test 116 -ne `wc -c <'xmhemacs'`; then
echo shar: \"'xmhemacs'\" unpacked with wrong size!
fi
chmod +x 'xmhemacs'
# end of 'xmhemacs'
fi
echo shar: End of shell archive.
exit 0
------------------------------
Subject: babyl2mh.pl
From: Vivek Khera <khera at cs.duke.edu>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
#!/usr/gnu/bin/perl
# incorporate an RMAIL babyl file into an MH folder
#
# usage: babyl2mh +folder babyl-file
#
# V. Khera <khera at cs.duke.edu> 17-JUL-1991
# where to find rcvstore
$rcvstore = "/usr/local/lib/mh/rcvstore";
#
# pull out command line args
#
die "usage: babyl2mh +folder babyl-file\n" unless @ARGV == 2;
$folder = shift;
# make sure folder name starts with a "+"
(substr($folder,0,1) eq "+") || (substr($folder,0,0) = "+");
$bfname = shift;
print "Incorporating RMAIL file $bfname into MH folder $folder\n";
#
# read in babyl file.
#
$/ = "\037"; # this separates the records in a babyl file
$* = 1; # records are multi-lines
open(BABYL,$bfname) || die "Couldn't open $bfname\n";
$_ = <BABYL>; # discard header.
$msgnum = 0;
while (<BABYL>) {
chop; # get rid of delimeter
s/\f(.|\n)*\*\*\* EOOH \*\*\*\n//; # remove duplicate header information
open(RCVSTORE,"|" . $rcvstore . " $folder");
print RCVSTORE $_;
$msgnum++;
print "Message $msgnum done.\n";
}
------------------------------
Subject: inco - babyl to MH converter
From: Juergen Nickelsen <nickel at cs.tu-berlin.de>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
#!/bin/sh
# Usage: inco [from [folder]]
# "from" defaults to $HOME/Mail/outbound, "folder" to +inbox.
lispfile=/tmp/inco.$$.el
input=${1-$HOME/Mail/outbound}
tmpmbox=/tmp/inc.$$.mbox
folder=${2-+inbox}
if [ $# -ge 3 ]; then
echo Usage: `basename $0` [ from [ folder ]]
exit 2
fi
trap "rm -f $lispfile $tmpmbox ; exit 1" 1 2 15
touch $tmpmbox
chmod 600 $tmpmbox
echo '(rmail-input "'$input'")
(rmail-last-message)
(setq last (rmail-what-message))
(rmail-show-message 1)
(while (not (equal (rmail-what-message) last))
(rmail-output "'$tmpmbox'")
(rmail-delete-forward nil))
(rmail-output "'$tmpmbox'")
(kill-buffer (current-buffer))
' > $lispfile
emacs -batch -l $lispfile
inc -file $tmpmbox $folder
> $input
rm -f $lispfile $tmpmbox
------------------------------
Subject: t2h - add hyperlinks to message viewed
From: TANAKA Tomoyuki <tanaka at step.mother.com>
Date: Mon, 13 Sep 1999 11:35:43 -0600
#! /bin/sed -f
# "t2h" by TT news:alt.tanaka-tomoyuki http://listen.to/TT
# USE: t2h <file.txt >file.html
# Or: show | t2h | lynx -
s/&/\&/g
s/</\</g
s/>/\>/g
s/http:[^ "&) ]*/<a href="&">&<\/a>/g
s/news:[^ "&) ]*/<a href="&">&<\/a>/g
s/ftp:[^ "&) ]*/<a href="&">&<\/a>/g
s/telnet:[^ "&) ]*/<a href="&">&<\/a>/g
1i\
<PRE>
$a\
</PRE>
------------------------------
Subject: srvrsmtp.c patch
From: Paul Pomes <ppomes at Qualcomm.com>
Date: Fri, 1 Mar 1991 13:03:15 -0800
>From the 5.67 sources:
*** srvrsmtp.c- Mon Feb 22 12:25:54 1993
--- srvrsmtp.c Mon Feb 22 12:29:09 1993
***************
*** 384,389 ****
--- 384,395 ----
message("250", "Reset state");
if (InChild)
finis();
+
+ /* clean up a bit if running in parent */
+ hasmail = FALSE;
+ dropenvelope(CurEnv);
+ CurEnv = newenvelope(CurEnv);
+ CurEnv->e_flags = BlankEnvelope.e_flags;
break;
case CMDVRFY: /* vrfy -- verify address */
------------------------------
Subject: IRIX config file
From: Jack Repenning <jackr at informix.com>
Date: 25 Jul 1995 02:35:41 GMT
# Irix 5.3 (based on examples/sys5r4)
bboards on
bin /usr/local/bin/mh
cc cc
ccoptions -g
chown /bin/chown
curses -lcurses
etc /usr/local/lib/mh
ldoptions -L/usr/local/lib/mh
mail /usr/mail
mailgroup: mail
manuals local
mts sendmail/smtp
pop on
popdir /usr/local/bin
ranlib off
#sharedlib sys5
#slibdir /usr/local/lib/mh
signal void
sprintf int
options BIND
options DBMPWD
options DUMB
options FOLDPROT='"0700"'
options MHE
options MHRC
options MIME
options MORE='"/usr/bsd/more"'
options MSGPROT='"0600"'
options RENAME
options RPATHS
options SBACKUP='"\\#"'
#options SENDMTS
options SGI
#options SMTP
options SOCKETS
options SVR4
options SYS5
options SYS5DIR
options UNISTD
options _XOPEN_SOURCE
options VSPRINTF
From: David Paschich <dpassage at bigbook.com>
Date: 23 Apr 96 21:27:12 GMT
# @(#)$Id: mh.faq,v 2001.07.2.1 2001/07/23 06:33:32 wohler Exp $
# a 4.2BSD VAX system running SendMail
bin /usr/local/bin/mh
bboards off
etc /usr/local/lib/mh
mail /var/mail
manuals local
mandir /usr/local/man
chown /sbin/chown
ranlib off
mts sendmail
signal void
options BIND LOCKF FOLDPROT='"0700"' MHE MHRC MORE='"/usr/bsd/more"'
options MSGPROT='"0600"' RPATHS SENDMTS SGI SMTP SOCKETS SYS5
options TYPESIG="void" ncr MIME VSPRINTF UNISTD SYSVR4 SYS5DIR
------------------------------
Subject: HP-UX 10.20 config file
From: Marko Heikkinen <hema at iki.fi>
Date: 06 Jan 1997 17:19:07 +0000
bin /opt/mail/bin
bboards on
etc /opt/mail/lib/mh
editor prompter
remove mv -f
mail /var/mail
mandir /opt/man
manuals standard
chown /bin/chown
cc cc
ccoptions +DA1.0 +DS1.0
curses -lcurses
mts sendmail/smtp
pop off
slibdir: /opt/mail/lib
options SYS5
options MHE
options MIME
options ATZ
options BIND
options MHE
options MIME
options ATZ
options BIND
options MHE
options MHRC
options MORE='"/opt/gnu/bin/less"'
options MSGPROT='"0600"'
options NDIR
options NTOHLSWAP
options POPUUMBOX
options SOCKETS
options SYS5
options TZNAME
options TYPESIG=void
options VSPRINTF
options WHATNOW
options _STRINGS
signal void
curses -lcurses -ltermlib
sprintf int
------------------------------
Subject: Removing duplicate messages (Bourne)
From: Jerry Peek <jpeek at jpeek.com>
Date: 20 Nov 1995 18:51:24 GMT
Here's a simple-minded Bourne shell version. It uses
"scan" to get the message number and message-id of each message. If
a message has the same message-id as the previous message, the
script adds its message number to the "remove" shell variable.
#!/bin/sh
lastmsgid=hahahaha
remove=
scan -width 300 -format '%(msg) %{message-id}' |
while read msg msgid; do
if [ "$msgid" = "$lastmsgid" ]; then
remove="$remove $msg"
else
lastmsgid="$msgid"
fi
done
rmm $remove
That's pretty simple-minded. For example, if the $remove variable
gets too big, your system may complain. And I'm sure there are some
more-efficient ways to find the list of duplicate message-ids. But
that's the idea.
Subject: Removing duplicate messages (Perl)
From: rtor at ansa.co.uk (Owen Rees)
Date: 20 Nov 1995 12:39:47 GMT
I wrote a perl script to do this some time ago. All the usual dire
warnings about destructive technology apply - take a backup, do it on
a copy, try it on a small test case first etc. Don't use this script
unless you are prepared to accept the consequences.
#!/usr/local/bin/perl
$version = "rmmdup 1";
if (@ARGV == 0) { $folder = ""; }
elsif (@ARGV == 1) { $folder = $ARGV[0];
unless ( $folder =~ /^\+.+$/ )
{ die "usage $0 [+folder]\n"; };
}
else { die "usage $0 [+folder]\n"; };
$rmmlist = "";
open (scan, "scan $folder -format '%(msg) %{message-id}'|");
while (<scan>)
{ if ( ($msg,$msgid) = /^(\d+) (<.*>)$/)
{ if ($msgs{$msgid})
{ print "$msg duplicates $msgs{$msgid}\n";
$rmmlist .= " $msg";
}
else { $msgs{$msgid} = $msg; };
};
};
if ( $rmmlist ) { exec "rmm $folder $rmmlist"; };
exit;
Local Variables:
mode: outline
outline-regexp: "^Subject:"
fill-prefix: " "
End:
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